拓展阅读：2022年度词汇 -- Gaslighting课件 2023届高考英语一轮复习

2022年度词汇 - Gaslighting 煤气灯效应 《韦氏词典》公布2022年度词汇为“gaslighting(煤气灯效应)” 《韦氏词典》公布2022年度词汇为 “gaslighting(煤气灯效应)” 什么是“煤气灯效应” “Gaslighting” – mind manipulating, grossly misleading, downright deceitful – is Merriam-Webster’s word of the year. “煤气灯”——操纵思想、严重误导、彻头彻尾的欺骗——是韦氏词典今年的年度词汇。 “mind manipulating, grossly misleading, downright deceitful”是对“Gaslighting”的解释。 grossly相当于extremely,表示“极度地;极其;非常”,如: grossly overweight/unfair/inadequate 极胖/不公平/不充分 Press reports have been grossly exaggerated. 新闻报道过于夸张。 downright也是加深程度的副词, 表示“彻头彻尾地,十足地,完全地” 如:It's not just stupid — it's downright dangerous. 这岂止是愚蠢,简直是危险。 从定义中可以看出来,Gaslighting不是什么好词。 Merriam-Webster’s top definition for gaslighting is the psychological manipulation of a person, usually over an extended period of time, that “causes the victim to question the validity of their own thoughts, perception of reality, or memories and typically leads to confusion, loss of confidence and self-esteem, uncertainty of one’s emotional or mental stability, and a dependency on the perpetrator”. 韦氏词典对“gaslighting”的第一定义是对一个人的心理操纵,通常持续很长一段时间,“导致受害者质疑自己的思想、对现实的感知或记忆的可靠性,通常导致困惑、信心和自尊的丧失、情绪或精神的不稳定,以及对施暴者的依赖”。 extended是形容词,表示long or longer than usual or expected “长的、长期的” 如: If you are going abroad for an extended period of time , you should consider renting your house out. 如果你出国较长一段时间,你应该考虑把房子租出去。 文中 the psychological manipulation of a person, usually over an extended period of time 意思是:在较长一段时间里对一个人的心理操纵。 这种心理操纵带来两个结果,第一个是:question the validity of their own thoughts, perception of reality, or memories中, question此处是动词“质疑”,validity指“逻辑性”,如: We had doubts about the validity of their argument. 我们对他们的论点的正确性有过怀疑。 question the validity of their own thoughts意思是:质疑自己想法的逻辑性。 perception 表示“看法、观点” 重点看一下它的英文解释:an idea, a belief or an image you have as a result of how you see or understand sth,即对事物的认识和理解 看个例句: There is a general public perception that standards in schools are falling. 公众普遍认为,学校的水平都在下降。 写作中表示“人们普遍认为”,就可以套用这个句型:There is a general public perception that