定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句课件 -2023届高考英语专题复习

Attributive Clause 定语从句 一、定义及相关术语 定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句。一般紧跟在先行词后面。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词。有关系代词和关系副词两种类型。它们的作用是引导定语从句,代替先行词,并在定语从句中担当一个句子成分。 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关系副词:when, where, why 翻译句子,找出其中的定语部分,如果有定语从句,指出先行词和关系代词。 e.g. She drives a new car. She drives a car that her father gives her as a birthday present. Due to the changeable weather, Wuhan is a city where you can experience four seasons in a day. _ _ _ 先行词 关系代词 _ 先行词 关系副词 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 The boys are playing football. The boys are from Class One. The boys who/ that are playing foot ball are from Class One. 2. The TV organizers planed to invite some musicians. The musicians could act as well as sing. The TV organizers planed to invite some musicians who/ that could act as well as sing. 关系代词who, that都可以指人,引导先行词为人的定语从句。 The man is Dr. Li. You were talking about the man just now. The man (whom) you were talking about just now is Dr. Li. 2. He is a paper-cutting artist. I interviewed the artist for my article on China Daily. He is a paper-cutting artist (whom) I interviewed for my article on China Daily. 关系代词whom指人,引导先行词是人的定语从句,并且在从句中做宾语,故可以省略。 Much attention has been paid to the Marathon. The Marathon will start from the River Beach in Hankou. Much attention has been paid to the Marathon which/ that will start from the River Beach in Hankou. 2. Jogging is a habit. It helps shape your body. Jogging is a habit which/ that helps shape your body. 关系代词which, that都可以指物, 引导先行词为物的定语从句。 Rescuers built shelters for the survivors. The survivors’ homes had been destroyed in the earthquake. Rescuers built shelters for the survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 2. The door of the classroom is broken. The classroom will be repaired soon. The classroom whose door is broken will be repaired soon. 关系代词whose表示“谁的”,可以指代人或物的,故可引导先行词为人或物的定语从句。 综上,引导定语从句时,关系代词who/ whom只能指人,which只能指物,但that既可以指人,也可以指物。 但在一些特殊情况中,定语从句只能用that, 而不能用which或who/ whom: 当先行词为不定代词any-, some-, every-, no-, all, much, little等, 关系代词只能用th