2023届高考英语语法-宾语从句讲义

介词或形容词之后,引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略。 ①作及物动词,如:say,think,know,hear,see,hope,wish,remember,forget等的宾语。如: She says (that )she will help me learn English this evening. ②作介词的宾语:连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,一般只用在except,but,in之后,其他介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it作形式宾语。如: He is a good boy except that he is careless. You may depend on it that I shall always help you. ③作"be + 形容词"结构的宾语。如:sure,glad,certain,pleased,sorry,happy,afraid等,如:I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. ④如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。 We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况: ①and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时,有时省去第一个从句的连词that,但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。 He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. ②that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时 I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. ③that从句位于句首时 That she is a good girl I know. ④宾语从句的主语是this/that或有this/that修饰时 I think that this part is very important. ⑤宾语从句由it作形式宾语代替时 We all consider it important that children should take plenty of milk. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句,if/whether意为"是否”。常用在ask,wonder,doubt,find out,be uncertain /doubtful /等后,二者通常可以互换。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. If和whether的区别 ①介词后的宾语从句一般用whether The teacher worried about whether she had hurt the girl’s feeling. ②与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时,特别是句中有or not时用whether I wonder whether or not we should take part in this activity. I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. ③宾语从句位于句首时,一般用whether Whether he will join in the winter camp,I don’t care. ④在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 He doesn’t know whether to go or not. ⑤在容易产生歧义的句子,一般用whether。 Let me know whether you can come. 告诉我你是否能来。 二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。 He was an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an