2023年中考英语语法英语的词类与句子成分专项训练

开发区二初中九年级英语 崇 善 尚 美 求 真 务 实 九年级英语 YY—NO:901 审核签字: 语法专项复习(一) - 英语的词类与句子成分 版权人:邹丽芳 编写人:邹丽芳 编写时间:2012年8月24日 班级: 组名: 姓名: 等级评价: _ 英语的词类 英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.): 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.): 主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征,主要用于修饰名词。如:good, smart, white 4、数词(num.): 表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.): 表示动作或状态。如:am, is, are, have, see,ask 6、副词(adv.): 修饰动词、形容词或副词, 还可以修饰整个句子。,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.): 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, , 9、连词(conj.): 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 英语的句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 1.主语:是句子要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。主语一般在句首。如: 1. The car is running fast. / The girl can sing many English songs.(名词) 1. We are students. / This is my pen . Yours is on the desk.(代词) 1. One of my classmates is from Shanghai. / Two and three is five.(数词) 1. Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 1. It's a bad habit to spit in public./ To spit in public is a bad habit. (不定式) 1. “Safety First” is our slogan(口号). (词组) 1. What we said is true. (从句) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 【练习】一. 划出下列各句的主语。 1. Gina is from Australia. 2. Lucy is an American girl. 3. She often goes to the movies. 4.We study in No.1 Middle School. 5. The classroom is very clean. 6. Three plus five equals eight. 7. To teach them English is my job. 8. Practicing English every day is a good habit. 9. That the sun rises in the east is common knowledge. 二.指出下列句中主语的中心词。 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 2.谓语:说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分。谓语一般在主语后面。 谓语可以由动词、动词短语或动词的固定搭配构成。如: We are Chinese. / He ha