2023届高考英语定语从句考点知识精讲讲义

2、结构分析 在阅读中我们经常可以见到以上这样的“介词+关系代词+不定式”形式,许多读者不明白它是什么结构,其实它就是一种紧缩了的定语从句。在正式文体中,当引导定语从句的关系代词用作介词的宾语时,有时可用“介词+关系代词+不定式”这样的结构来简化定语从句。比较: She must have time in which she can grow calm.=She must have time in which to grow calm.她必须又冷静下来时的时间。 Allow me one minute in which I can change my clothes.=Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes给我一点时间换衣服。 She had some money in the bank, with which she could help her mother.=She had some money in the bank with which to help her mother. 她银行里有些钱用来帮助她的母亲。 3、补充说明 对于“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构,若语义清楚,且结构恰当,有时可进一步省酪其中的关系代词,而只保留介词和不定式(注意,此时介词要移至不定式之后,且当先行词为表时间的名词时,该介词通常省略)。如: She must have time to grow calm (in)她必须又冷静下来时的时间。 Allow me one minute to change my clothes(in).给我一点时间换衣服。 He was miserable unless he had neighbors to quarrel with.他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。 二、 that与which的用法区别 两者都可指物,常可互换。其区别主要在于: 1、 引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which: The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急,使这条河很危险。