2023届高考英语语法定语从句的关系词及考点讲义

如: Did you find the pen which you lost? 你的钢笔找到了吗? 句中的which为关系代词,由它引导的定语从句which you lost修饰名词the pen,which在定语从句中用作宾语,它也可以换成that,或省略。 A man who sells books in a shop is called a bookseller.开店售书的人叫做书商。 句中的who为关系代词,由它引导的定语从句who sells books in a shop修饰名词a man,who在定语从句中用作主语。 二、关系代词与关系副词 用于引导定语从句的词语叫关系词。关系词根据其词性的不同,可分为关系代词和关系副词。引导定语从句的关系词既起连接先行词与定语从句的作用,同时又在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 1.关系代词:主要有that.which.who.whom.whose.as等,它们在句子中可用作主语(如that.which.who等)、宾语(如that, which, whom等)和定语(如which.whose)。如: Is he the man that sells dogs? 他就是卖狗的人吗? She is the girl who won the prize.她就是获奖的姑娘。 I've found the book which I was looking for.我找到了我要找的书。 She is the woman whose car was stolen,她就是汽车被盗的那个女人。 She is the woman whom I gave the money to.她就是我给她钱的那位妇女。 He is absorbed in work. as he often was. 他正在全神贯注地工作,他过去经常这样。 2.关系副词:主要有where,when,why等,它们在句子中主要用作状语。如: This is the town where I was born.这就是我出生的城市。 I'll never forget the day when I first met you.我永远不会忘记第一次见你的那天。 We don't know the reason why he didn't show up, 我们不知道他为什么没有来。