Units 3-4 虚拟语气语法讲解讲义-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选修第一册

选修一Unit3-4 虚拟语气语法讲解 Teaching objectives 1.知识目标:学生能够掌握虚拟语气的基本含义 2.技能目标:学生能够掌握虚拟语气的基本运用 3.情感目标:学生能够更有信心学习英语 Key points, Difficult points 1.掌握虚拟语气的基本含义 2.掌握虚拟语气的基本运用 Teaching procedures: 虚拟语气 语气是用以表示说话者的意图或态度。在英语中随着说话人意图的不同,动词需用不同的形式,称为语气。英语语气有三种:陈述语气是用来叙述事实或提出疑问,广泛用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句;祈使语气是说话人用来向对方下达命令,指示提出要求,劝告等所用的语气,主要用于祈使句;虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式。 一、If虚拟条件句 虚拟情况 从句谓语 主句谓语 与现在事实相反 过去式(be用were) would/should/could/might do 与过去事实相反 had done would/should/could/might have done 与将来事实相反 过去式或者were to do/should do would/should/could/might do ①Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. ②Sorry, I am too busy now. If I had time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. ③You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turn, you wouldn’t have got so tired. 二、省略if的虚拟条件句 省略if后,将虚拟条件从句中的were, had, should提到主语前构成倒装 ①Should you be fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. ②Were it not for the debt, we would live a happy life. ③Had you not helped me, I wouldn’t have finished my homework. 三、混合虚拟条件句 不同时间的虚拟:各遵守各的规则 ①Maybe if I had studied science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. ②It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I had not fallen in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. 四、含蓄虚拟条件 but for+名词表示含蓄虚拟条件 ①We will put John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. without+名词表示含蓄虚拟条件 ①Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night would be freezing cold, too cold for us to live on 副词otherwise/or表示含蓄虚拟条件 ①We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday. but引导的并列句表示含蓄虚拟条件 ①He would become fatter but he eats too little. ②He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 五、特别句式中的虚拟语气 1.名词性从句中的虚拟语气 (1)suggest, order, propose, request, require, demand, advis