内容正文:
必修三Unit 1 语法 动词 -ing 形式作定语和表语
Part 1 动词-ing形式作定语
1、 用法:
1. 表示“主动”和“进行”,可转换成一个定语从句。
(1) a sleeping baby a baby who is sleeping 一个正在睡觉的婴儿
a floating boat a boat that is floating 一艘漂浮的小船
(2)The girl ________________ is my cousin. 坐在我旁边的女孩是我表妹。
The girl who ________________________ is my cousin.
(3)There are about 200 children ___________________________.大约有200个孩子在这所学校学习。
There are about 200 children who _____________________________.
2. 表示被修饰词的性质、特征、用途等
(4) a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 卧铺车厢
(5) a reading room (= a room for reading ) 阅览室
a ______stick 拐杖; a _______ room 等候室; _______ materials 建筑材料; _______ water 饮用水
二、位置: 单个动词-ing形式作定语,常置于被修饰的名词之前。动词-ing形式短语作定语,常置于被修饰的名词之后,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系
(6) He brought us surprising news.
(7) When he got home, he found there were some emails waiting for him.
三、 动词-ing形式作定语,有被动形式: being done 。
(8) The topic ___________________________ is about music. 现在正在被讨论的话题是关于音乐的。
= The topic which/ that is being discussed at the moment is about music.
being done 和 动词-ed 作定语的区别:
(9) The meeting being held now is of great importance. _________________
(10) The meeting held yesterday is of great importance. __________________
Part 2 动词-ing形式作表语:
通常位于系动词后面(系动词除be外还有appear,sound,look,become,come,get,go,grow,keep,remain,seem等), 用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。
1、 动词-ing形式作表语多用来说明主语的内容,在这种情况下,主语和表语是对等关系,可互换位置。
(10) My job is teaching English. Teaching English is my job. 我的工作是教英语。
(11) The boy’s hobby is ____________ (collect ) stamps.
二、动词-ing形式作表语时,说明主语的性质, 有些词已经变成了形容词。
(12) The present situation is encouraging. 目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。
(13) Your speech is very _________________________. 你的演讲既有趣又鼓舞人心。
Part 3 有些动词-ing由表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的,译为“令人…的”之意,常修饰物;对应的动词-ed形式则表示外因使之具备的性质和特征,译为“感到…的”,常修饰人。它们具有了形容词的作用,在句中可以作定语或表语。(详情参考Book 2 Unit 5 语法)
(14) I was _____________ at this decision. 我对这个决定感到失望。
(15) The service here is ________________. 这儿的服务令人失望。
随堂练习:
1. My hobby is ________(collect) stamps.
2. Wh