内容正文:
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Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
单元语法精析
限制性定语从句(3)
语法点拨
一、定语从句的概述
定语从句 可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
关系词
关系代词who;whom;whose;which;that;as
关系副词when;where;why
This is the family which is planning to move to the
city.(which引导的定语从句)
这是要搬进城里的一家。
I grew up in a small village where everybody knew
me.(where引导的定语从句)
我在一个小镇上长大,那里的每一个人都认识我。
M名师点津
先行词与关系词
1.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
3.关系词通常有下列三个作用:
(1)引导定语从句;
(2)代替先行词;
(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4.关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语;
关系副词在从句中作状语。
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)China first had to put a
satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where
it could send signals to the spacecraft and to
Earth.
②(2019·浙江高考)On the edge of the jacket,
there is a piece of cloth that / which gives off
light in the dark.
③(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We are the products of
evolution(进化),and not just evolution that /
which occurred billions of years ago.
④(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Children who / that play
with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop
better spatial skills.
⑤(2018·天津高考)Kate, whose sister I shared
a room with when we were at college,has gone to
work in Australia.
⑥(2019·江苏高考)We have entered into an age
when dreams have the best chance of coming
true.
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的判断
方法:
用法 依据
根据从句的
谓语动词
若是及物动词,后面若无宾语,用关
系代词;若是不及物动词,则用关系
副词
根据关系词在从
句中作的成分
把关系词放进定语从句中,若作主
语、宾语、表语或定语用关系代词;
若作状语用关系副词
I visited the village where many children couldnt
go to school because of poverty.(作状语)
我参观了因为贫困很多孩子不能上学的村庄。
I visited the village which / that is famous for its
beautiful scenery.(作主语)
我参观了因美丽的景色而闻名的村庄。
M名师点津
关系副词when,where引导的定语从句可以转化
为“介词+ which”引导的定语从句;而why引导的
定语从句可以转换为“for which”引导的定语
从句。
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2020·天津高考)
Directed sound is a new
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technology that / which allows companies to use
sound in much the same way spotlights are used in
the theater.
②Next came the moment when I asked them to
have a tr