2023年中考英语定语从句讲解课件

定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk(喝醉的). 定语从句 在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例:The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk. The Attributive Clause 定语从句 关系代词如何引导定语从句 普通代词与关系代词的区别 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister 普通代词:只起代替的作用(如上例she) I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 关系代词: (如上例who/that) 1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 (把主句和从句连起来) The building is our school. The building stands by the river. 关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。 The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 which/that 是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接 起来。 关系词判 断 步 骤 : 首先,要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用which或that; 然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人 who,that who(m),that whose 物 which,that which,that whose,of which 关系词 先行词所指 关系词在句中作用 关系 代词 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、表、定(偶) who 人 主、宾 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 关系 副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实 用一般现在时) (从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示过去时间) the tall the strong the clever boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom 7 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语) The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 8 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. (宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will