专题 01 利用首句信息进行判断-2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练

2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练 ——利用首句信息进行判断 技法指导 完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不设空，往往是全文的关键句，或者称为主导句，通常起着开启、概括或贯穿全文的作用。完形填空的语篇以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物或起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。 仔细分析文章的首句，往往维获取许多解题信息，从而节省考生的做题时间。 1.利用首句可以帮助我们判断文章的体裁，捕捉文章的要素，预测文章的发展。 若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 [典例] Recently, a man showed up at Denny's restaurant in Utah with a special request. And as it turned out, the reason behind his particular 41 is a proof that kindness makes all things work together forever! The man asked if he could be 42 (served) by a waitress who was a single mother. Though it seemed a bit strange, the restaurant owner was 43 to meet his request and seated him in the service section belonging to a 44 (waitress) named Crystal. 41.A.demand B. identity C. survey D. power 43.A.happy B. unfortunate C. confident D. unwilling ”Recently, a man showed up at Denny's restaurant in Utah with a special request“作为首段首句，包含着两个关键词”restaurant”和"request”。"restaurant”表明故事发生的地点，”request"是推动文章情节发展的主要因素。第41题的答案demand照应request，为同义复现；第43题在餐厅”的背景下，餐厅老板虽感到奇怪但仍”高兴地”满足他的要求并让其坐在Crystal 的服务区域内。 答案：41.A 43.A 精炼必刷题： （一） (2020年7月，浙江卷） I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat. One morning I 1 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 2 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 3 it while Don stayed in his seat. Lamb and mother 4 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 5 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 6 Don had somehow made the 7 move. My heart froze in my chest as I 8 the tractor heading towards the 9 .I ran desperately but failed to 10 . It crashed through a