专题 06 利用生活常识和文化背景解题-2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练

2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用生活常识和文化背景解题 技法指导 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。另外，利用生活常识和文化背景解题也需要考生结合逻辑推断，谨慎选择。 [典例]1 （2017全国卷II） Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. 51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates 分析：D。根据常识我们可知，老师碰到教过的学生，这些学生会提供老同学的“最新消息”。 【典例】2 Getting a little 46.closer,_I realized one kayak (皮划艇) was in 47.trouble. “Something's not 48.right！” I took off my Tshirt and __49__ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50.shaking violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped __51__ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52.occurred to me. Those brown eyes were very 53.familiar. “What's his name？” I asked the instructor. “Ben，” he replied, and immediately I 54.knew. That stranger was my son! 49．A.stared B．ank C．dived D．fell 51．A.lead B．persuade C．carry D．keep [分析]　49.选C　51.选C　这两道题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。根据生活常识，第49题我注意到一个皮划艇出了意外情况，我自然是脱掉T恤衫，“跳进”水里救人，dive意为“跳水”；第51题作者和一位教练双臂连接，两个人一起应该是将这个不省人事的年轻人“抬”出了水面，用carry表示“抬”。 精练必刷题： （一） Middle school is like a battleground. Everyone seems to be going through awkward physical changes, emotional mood 1 , low self﹣esteem. For me, 2 was my trouble as I stood a head above the other girls. My grandfather would watch me grow 3 uncomfortable. "Stand straight and tall." he'd say, as I tried to 4 myself to avoid sticking out. And each time, I would sheepishly do as he said. I understand that his advice was about more than just feel and 5 . My grandfather grew up in 6 Europe. When German soldiers 7 his hometown, a beautiful city in Poland, he hated them and eventually 8 to join the army to fight for his country's freedom." "Stand straight, stand tall " meant something else back th