语法填空考点整理05形容词和副词 学案-2023届高三英语一轮复习

高考英语语法填空考点整理 ✪形容词和副词 ✪ 一.考点整理 考点一． 形容词、副词的基本功能 1．形容词的基本语法功能 (1)形容词作定语 一般情况下，形容词作定语时，放在被修饰词之前。 It didn't make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn't a smooth operation like ice­skating. 但在下列情况下，形容词要放在被修饰词后面。 a．形容词作定语修饰由some­，any­，every­，no­和­body, ­thing, ­one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。 ②There is nobody absent today. ③She must have met something dangerous. b．一些表语形容词作定语时，常放在被修饰词的后面，如alive, alike, awake, asleep, alone等。 ④In the American continents, Canada and Argentina alone have succeeded. c．形容词短语作定语时要后置，这些形容词短语大多由“形容词＋介词短语/不定式短语”构成。 ⑤It is a problem difficult to solve. ⑥He is a boy good at sports. (2)形容词作表语 通常情况下，在系动词之后用形容词作表语，系动词有以下几种： 状态系动词：be(is/am/are/was/were) 变化系动词：become, get, turn, grow, go, come, fall 持续系动词：keep, remain, stay, lie, stand 感官系动词：look, smell, taste, feel, sound 终止系动词：prove, turn out 表象系动词：seem, appear ⑨The boy fell ill last night. ⑩Our country becomes stronger and stronger. (3)形容词作宾补 形容词作宾语补足语时，可以表示宾语的性质、状态，也可以表示某一动作的结果。 ⑪Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. ⑫Who left the door open? ⑬I think it very interesting. (4)形容词作状语 形容词用作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。这类结构通常可用从句或并列句来改写。 ⑭He returned from war, safe and sound. ⑮He came over, eager to help. →He came over and (he) was eager to help. [注意]　of＋抽象名词＝抽象名词对应的形容词，如of importance＝important。 2.副词的基本语法功能 (1)副词作状语 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词，介词短语或者修饰整个句子。 ①His speech directly affected the strike.(修饰动词) ②He is very diligent.(修饰形容词) ③You can find books on that subject quite easily.(修饰副词) ④Luckily she was in when I called.(修饰句子) ⑤It is mainly about the relationship between three terms (2)副词修饰整个句子时，有两种常见的情况 ①表示逻辑连接关系。 常见的此类副词有therefore， however， otherwise， furthermore， nevertheless等。 Therefore, we have to come here again tomorrow. ②表示评述或说话人的态度。 常见的此类副词有importantly, luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, strangely等。 Unfortunately, he failed again. (3)频率副词及enough作状语的位置 ①频率副词常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。 I have never seen him before. He usually reads books. ②enough放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。 He isn't old e