(讲义)专题一 重要的小词-冠词、代词和介词(短语)-2023版新高考英语【红对勾】大一轮复习讲与练全新方案(外研版)

专题一　 重要的小词———冠词、代词和介词(短语) 第 1 讲　 冠词 􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠 􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠 单句语法填空 1. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)While you􀆳re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 　 　 　 must to visit! 2. (2021·全国甲卷) It took us about 3 hours to go all 　 　 　 　 way around the Xi􀆳an City Wall. 3. (2021·浙江卷) 　 　 　 　 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 4. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The plum trees are 　 　 　 　 first to flower even as the snow is melting (融 化) . They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 5. (2020·浙江卷) This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 　 　 　 　 rise of science, changes began. 6. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of 　 　 　 　 nineteen rec- ognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 7. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)She said, “We don􀆳t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was 　 　 　 　 joke...” 􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠 􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠􀤠 　 　 冠词分为不定冠词(a / an)、定冠词( the)和 零冠词(不用冠词)。 冠词的泛指和特指:泛指是指首次提到的, 不限定的人或事物。 特指是指在上文已提到的 人或事物,也可以指说话双方心目中所默认的 特定的人或事物。 一、不定冠词的用法 1. 不定冠词的 3 种基本用法 (1)表示类指,或指某类中的任何一个。 A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. 病毒是一种引发疾病的微生物。 (2)表示泛指。 当说话人第一次提及某人或 某物时通常用不定冠词,因此由不定冠词构 成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义,相当 于 a certain。 The story happened in a small town in Victoria. 故事发生在维多利亚的一个小镇上。 (3)表示量指。 不定冠词表示“一”这个数量, 但数的概念没有 one 强烈。 I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day. 我一天要看十六七个小时的电视。 2. 不定冠词的活用 (1) 用在抽象名词 success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger, shock 等前表示“一个……的人或一件……的 事”,使之具体化。 He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a