Unit 2 Onwards and Upwards Using Language - 高二英语同步精品课堂（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）

Period 2 Using Language 1. How to use -ing form as objects 2. How to use -to infinitives as objects 3. The differences between -ing forms and -to infinitives as objects 4. Exercises Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences(a),(c) and (e) are from the reading passage. a. J.D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school,... b. J.D.Salinger started to write short stories in high school,. c. Nevertheless, the sisters didn't stop trying. d. Nevertheless, the sisters didn't stop to try. e. These are the words that every writer dreads receiving,. 1. Do sentences (a) and (b) have the same meaning? 2. Do sentences (c) and (d) have the same meaning? 3. Can"receiving" in sentence (e) be changed into "to receive"? Yes, the two sentences have the same meaning. No, they don't. Sentence (c) means the sisters didn't try any more. Sentence (d) means the sisters began to try. No, it can't. A noun or -ing form can follow the word “dread”. More examples from the reading passage 1. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We're delighted to inform you...” 2. ...three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print. 3. However, this was a time when women were not encouraged to become writer. 4. ...but later struggled to get his works published. 5. .. became an immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies. “trying” can not be replaced by “to try” ”Seeing” can not be replaced by “to tsee” “to become” can not be replaced by “becoming” “to get” can not be replaced by “getting” “to sell”can not be replaced by “selling” In what situation is a verb followed by the -ing form as object, and in which situation is a verb followed by to infinitive as object? -ing form 是由动词变化而来，它一方面保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念，另一方面它在句子里的用法及功能与名词类同：在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。-ing form的否定形式在前面之间加not, 即not -ing form。 They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or friend. 在寻找工作和结交朋友方面，他们不断地受到歧视。