Unit 4 Meeting the muse 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2026-2027学年高二英语外研版选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Meeting the muse 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1. ____________n.交流；相互影响→____________v.交流；互动；相互作用 2. ____________v.变化；改变；不同→____________adj.各种各样的；不同的→____________n.变化；多样化；品种 3. ____________adj.合适的；恰当的 v.占用；拨出（款项等）→____________adv.适当地；恰当地 4. ____________v.赞成；同意；批准→____________n.赞成；同意；批准 5. ____________v.证明；论证；演示；表现→____________n.示范；证明；示威游行 6. ____________v.雇用；使用；利用→____________n.雇员→____________n.雇主→____________n.工作；职业；就业 7. ____________n.差别；差异；分歧→____________adj.不同的→____________adv.不同地→____________v.相异；有区别 8. ____________adj.可靠的；可信赖的→____________n.可靠性→____________v.依靠；依赖 9. ____________n.评价；评定→____________v.评估；评价 10. ____________v.调整；调节；适应→____________n.调整；调节；适应 11. ____________v.干预；介入；干涉→____________n.干预；介入 12. ____________v.反应；回应；作出反应→____________n.反应；回应；化学反应 13. ____________v.诠释；说明；口译→____________n.解释；翻译；演绎 14. ____________v.创造；创作；造成→____________n.创造；创作；作品→____________adj.创造性的；有创造力的→____________n.创造者；创作者 一、单句语法填空 1．The project fully demonstrates China’s (innovate) approach to ecological construction and offers valuable experience for global efforts in fighting desertification. 2．The Travels of Marco Polo, a written collection of his experiences in China, aroused Europeans’ (enthusiastic) for the Orient. 3．China’s modern science and technology museum system (attract) over one billion offline visits since 2012, playing a unique role in promoting science popularization and improving scientific literacy in the country. 4．The goal is (capture) the opponent’s general, similar to Western chess. 5．What I was to do was (fly) to Topeka to pick up Tiffy. 6．Her ambition is (admit) to a top university to study artificial intelligence. 7．He (quote) a proverb as saying that reading books broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom. 8．Philip Tate has studied the track records of those (folk) on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. 9．They both were named (compose) of the year. 10．The old were scholars of great (distinct) while the young were the opposite. 11．We got a little (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind. 12．My parents were (satisfy) with the plan for our summer vacation. 13．I would keep working on the farm until I (earn) enough money to help my father buy a new tractor. 14．Harbin, often referred to as the City of Ice and known for its ice sculptures, (situate) on the Songhua River in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province. 15．As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people (live) in urban areas is becoming harder to find. 16．For a doctor, one of the most crucial tasks might be (diagnose) an illness accurately and promptly. 17．It is the driver, rather than the passengers, that (be) to blame for the accident. 18．Parents put the books on the bottom shelf so that they were (access) to their kids. 19．He made people laugh at a time when they felt (depress), so they could feel more content with their lives. 20．Amazed at how skillful they were, I was (determine) to be just as good. 二、单词拼写 21．We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is ________（抽象的）. 22．Our system, by___________(对比), seems very old-fashioned. 23．There is a ________ (明显的) possibility that she’ll be your teacher next term. 24．I hope to work with many singers, and I also wish to_________(谱曲) my own music. 25．Customers with a strong emotional investment in your company or brand will feel _________ (背叛) if you ever let them down. 26．When she wore the dress, Jane felt like a _______(公主). 27．The black furnishings provide an interesting ________(反差) to the white walls. 28．Whether he was a great artist or not, Dali was a superb ________ (巧匠). 29．He started his speech with a ________ (引语) from a famous writer. 30．Crucian carp (鲫鱼) is a popular freshwater fish with tender meat and a fresh flavor, but its many tiny bones can easily get________(卡住) in people’s throats when the fish is eaten. 三、完成句子 31．我的愿望是成为一名像爱因斯坦那样的科学家。 My wish is ________________ like Einstein. 32．老师对我给出的问题答案很满意。 The teacher ________________ my answer to the question. 33．我们决定为您举行一个派对。 We decide to ________________ for you. 34．你可以在派对上欣赏民间故事、歌曲和舞蹈。 You can ________________ at it. 35．窗户坏了，据说是汤姆昨天打坏的。 The window ________________. It is said that it ________________ yesterday. 36．通过看到别人的优点，你将间接地展现出一个最好的自己。 By looking for the best in others，________________. 37．派对上有很多新颖的表演。 A great many innovative performances will ________________ at the party. 38．我们听说你下周要回美国。 We hear that you ________________next week. 39．我现在唯一想做的事就是躺下好好休息一下。 The only thing I want to do now is ________________. 40．人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标，以及实现它的决心。 The important thing in life is ________________ , and the determination to attain it. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Meeting the muse 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1. interaction n.交流；相互影响→interact v.交流；互动；相互作用 2. vary v.变化；改变；不同→various adj.各种各样的；不同的→variety n.变化；多样化；品种 3. appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 v.占用；拨出（款项等）→appropriately adv.适当地；恰当地 4. approve v.赞成；同意；批准→approval n.赞成；同意；批准 5. demonstrate v.证明；论证；演示；表现→demonstration n.示范；证明；示威游行 6. employ v.雇用；使用；利用→employee n.雇员→employer n.雇主→employment n.工作；职业；就业 7. difference n.差别；差异；分歧→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地→differ v.相异；有区别 8. reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→reliability n.可靠性→rely v.依靠；依赖 9. assessment n.评价；评定→assess v.评估；评价 10. adjust v.调整；调节；适应→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应 11. intervene v.干预；介入；干涉→intervention n.干预；介入 12. react v.反应；回应；作出反应→reaction n.反应；回应；化学反应 13. interpret v.诠释；说明；口译→interpretation n.解释；翻译；演绎 14. create v.创造；创作；造成→creation n.创造；创作；作品→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的→creator n.创造者；创作者 一、单句语法填空 1．The project fully demonstrates China’s (innovate) approach to ecological construction and offers valuable experience for global efforts in fighting desertification. 【答案】innovative 【详解】句意：该项目充分展示了中国生态建设的创新方法，为全球治理荒漠化的行动提供了宝贵经验。设空处修饰名词approach，应用形容词innovative“创新的，革新的”，作定语。 2．The Travels of Marco Polo, a written collection of his experiences in China, aroused Europeans’ (enthusiastic) for the Orient. 【答案】enthusiasm 【详解】句意：《马可·波罗行纪》是记录他在中国经历的文字合集，它激发了欧洲人对东方的热情。Europeans’是名词所有格，后面要接名词作aroused的宾语；形容词enthusiastic的名词形式是enthusiasm，表示“热情”，是抽象名词。 3．China’s modern science and technology museum system (attract) over one billion offline visits since 2012, playing a unique role in promoting science popularization and improving scientific literacy in the country. 【答案】has attracted 【详解】句意：自2012年以来，中国现代科技馆体系吸引了超过10亿人次的线下参观，在促进全国科普和提高科学素养方面发挥了独特的作用。设空处作句子的谓语，根据since 2012可知，此处用现在完成时，主语system为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 4．The goal is (capture) the opponent’s general, similar to Western chess. 【答案】to capture 【详解】句意：目标是擒获对方的统帅，该规则类似于国际象棋。此处表示“目标是……”。设空处作表语，说明目标的内容，应用不定式形式。 5．What I was to do was (fly) to Topeka to pick up Tiffy. 【答案】to fly/fly 【详解】句意：我要做的事就是飞往托皮卡去接蒂菲。空处应用不定式作表语，解释主语（即要做的事）的具体内容，前有实义动词do，后可以省略to。 6．Her ambition is (admit) to a top university to study artificial intelligence. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是被一所顶尖大学录取，去学习人工智能。此处需用不定式作表语，且“她”与“录取（admit）”之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动结构，故填to be admitted。 7．He (quote) a proverb as saying that reading books broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom. 【答案】quoted 【详解】考查时态。句意：他引用了一句谚语，说读书能开阔我们的视野并赋予我们智慧。空处在句中作谓语，应用所给词quote的动词形式；结合语境，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，时态应为一般过去时，因此quote需用过去式quoted。故填quoted。 8．Philip Tate has studied the track records of those (folk) on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. 【答案】folks 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：菲利普・泰特研究了那些在周日脱口秀节目中对未来事件做出预测的人的过往表现。根据上文those可知folk用复数。故填folks。 9．They both were named (compose) of the year. 【答案】composers 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们都被评为年度最佳作曲家。空处应为名词作宾语，composer为可数名词，意为“作曲家”，符合句意，根据“They both”可知，应用复数形式。故填composers。 10．The old were scholars of great (distinct) while the young were the opposite. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：年长者是非常杰出的学者，而年轻人则相反。空处作of的宾语，被great修饰，应用distinct的名词形式distinction，意为“杰出，出色”，是不可数名词。故填distinction。 11．We got a little (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind. 【答案】sunburnt 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们有点晒伤，但这一天太放松了，我们并不介意。作表语，应用形容词sunburnt，故填sunburnt。 12．My parents were (satisfy) with the plan for our summer vacation. 【答案】satisfied 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我父母对我们暑假的计划很满意。空处作表语，修饰指人的My parents，所以应用satisfied，意为“满意的”。故填satisfied。 13．I would keep working on the farm until I (earn) enough money to help my father buy a new tractor. 【答案】earned 【详解】考查时态。句意：我将继续在农场干活，直到我挣到足够的钱帮我父亲买一台新拖拉机为止。从句动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填earned。 14．Harbin, often referred to as the City of Ice and known for its ice sculptures, (situate) on the Songhua River in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province. 【答案】is situated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：哈尔滨，常被称为“冰之城”，因其冰雕而闻名，位于黑龙江省南部的松花江上。表示“位于，坐落于”，常用被动形式。主语Harbin是单数，故填is situated。 15．As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people (live) in urban areas is becoming harder to find. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着城市迅速扩张，生活在城镇地区的人越来越难以接触大自然。主句的谓语为 is becoming，故空处应用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰空前的名词people。又因 live与people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填living。 16．For a doctor, one of the most crucial tasks might be (diagnose) an illness accurately and promptly. 【答案】to diagnose 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于医生来说，最重要的任务之一可能是准确及时地诊断疾病。空白处在句中作表语，且位于“be”动词后，应用不定式，表示具体动作，故填to diagnose。 17．It is the driver, rather than the passengers, that (be) to blame for the accident. 【答案】was 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：应该对事故负责的是司机，而不是乘客。It is…that为强调句型，空处缺少be动词，根据句意，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。主语为the driver，be动词用was。故填was。 18．Parents put the books on the bottom shelf so that they were (access) to their kids. 【答案】accessible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：父母把书放在最底层的书架上，这样孩子们就能拿得到。be accessible to表示“能够接近的”。形容词作表语，故填accessible。 19．He made people laugh at a time when they felt (depress), so they could feel more content with their lives. 【答案】depressed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他让人们在沮丧的时候开怀大笑，这样他们就能对自己的生活感到更满意。设空处接在系动词后，应用形容词作表语，表示“沮丧的”，应用depressed符合句意，故填depressed。 20．Amazed at how skillful they were, I was (determine) to be just as good. 【答案】determined 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对他们的熟练程度感到惊讶，于是决定也要像他们一样好。be determined to do表示“下定决心做某事”，用形容词作表语。故填determined。 二、单词拼写 21．We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is ________（抽象的）. 【答案】abstract 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可以谈论美丽的事物，但美丽本身是抽象的。根据汉语意思可知应填形容词abstract。 22．Our system, by___________(对比), seems very old-fashioned. 【答案】contrast 【详解】考查固定词组。句意：相比之下，我们的系统似乎过时了。by contrast，相比之下，为固定词组，故填contrast。 23．There is a ________ (明显的) possibility that she’ll be your teacher next term. 【答案】distinct 【详解】句意：她下学期很有可能成为你的老师。空处需填形容词修饰名词possibility，distinct表示“明显的”符合句意，作定语。 24．I hope to work with many singers, and I also wish to_________(谱曲) my own music. 【答案】compose 【详解】句意：我希望能和很多歌手一起工作，也希望谱写自己的音乐。wish to do sth.“希望做某事”。“谱曲”为compose。 25．Customers with a strong emotional investment in your company or brand will feel _________ (背叛) if you ever let them down. 【答案】betrayed 【详解】句意：如果你曾经让他们失望，对你的公司或品牌有强烈情感投资的顾客将感到背叛。根据句意可知，动词betray意为“背叛”，和主语Customers之间是被动关系，使用过去分词betrayed(被背叛的)作表语，符合题意。 26．When she wore the dress, Jane felt like a _______(公主). 【答案】princess 【详解】考查名词。句意：当简穿上那件衣服时，她觉得自己像个公主。冠词后用单数名词。根据汉语提示“公主”是princess。故填princess。 27．The black furnishings provide an interesting ________(反差) to the white walls. 【答案】contrast 【详解】考查名词。句意：黑色的家具与白色的墙壁形成了有趣的对比。interesting是形容词，修饰名词，“反差”的名词是contrast，空前有an，空格处用单数，故填contrast。 28．Whether he was a great artist or not, Dali was a superb ________ (巧匠). 【答案】technician 【详解】考查名词。句意：不管达利是不是一个伟大的艺术家，他都是一个出色的巧匠。“巧匠”为名词technician作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填technician。 29．He started his speech with a ________ (引语) from a famous writer. 【答案】quote 【详解】考查名词。句意：他以一位著名作家的一句话开始了他的演讲。“引语”应用名词quote作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填quote。 30．Crucian carp (鲫鱼) is a popular freshwater fish with tender meat and a fresh flavor, but its many tiny bones can easily get________(卡住) in people’s throats when the fish is eaten. 【答案】stuck 【详解】考查动词。句意：鲫鱼是一种受欢迎的淡水鱼，肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，但当食用时，它的许多小骨头很容易卡在人们的喉咙里。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词stick的过去分词stuck符合题意，作表语，get stuck“被卡住”。故填stuck。 三、完成句子 31．我的愿望是成为一名像爱因斯坦那样的科学家。 My wish is ________________ like Einstein. 【答案】to become a scientist 【详解】考查不定式。become (成为)，a scientist (意为科学家)，空处是指wish的具体内容，且表将来的动作，因此become a scientist用不定式形式。故填to become a scientist。 32．老师对我给出的问题答案很满意。 The teacher ________________ my answer to the question. 【答案】was pleased with 【详解】考查时态。be pleased with...(对……感到满意)，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，主语The teacher第三人称，谓语单数形式。故填was pleased with。 33．我们决定为您举行一个派对。 We decide to ________________ for you. 【答案】hold a party 【详解】考查动词不定式。 decide to do sth. (决定做某事)，该空用动词原形形式，hold a party (举行一个派对)。故填hold a party。 34．你可以在派对上欣赏民间故事、歌曲和舞蹈。 You can ________________ at it. 【答案】enjoy folk tales, songs and dances 【详解】考查动词和名词。情态动词can后用动词原形形式，enjoy (欣赏)，动词短语folk tales, songs and dances (民间故事、歌曲和舞蹈)作宾语。故填enjoy folk tales, songs and dances。 35．窗户坏了，据说是汤姆昨天打坏的。 The window ________________. It is said that it ________________ yesterday. 【答案】 is broken was broken by Tom 【详解】考查时态。“窗户坏了”描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，“坏了的”为形容词broken，作表语，主语是单数，be动词应用is，所以翻译为the window is broken；“打坏”为动词break，和主语it是被动关系，且由yesterday可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词应用was，break的过去分词为broken，“由汤姆打坏”为it was broken by Tom，故填①is broken②was broken by Tom。 36．通过看到别人的优点，你将间接地展现出一个最好的自己。 By looking for the best in others，________________. 【答案】you indirectly bring out the best in yourself 【详解】考查动词。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“间接地”用indirectly；表示“展现最好的自己”用bring out the best in yourself。故填you indirectly bring out the best in yourself。 37．派对上有很多新颖的表演。 A great many innovative performances will ________________ at the party. 【答案】be put on 【详解】考查动词。根据汉语提示，表示“上演”用put on，performances与其之间是被动关系，设空处置于will之后，故使用一般将来时的被动语态结构。故填be put on。 38．我们听说你下周要回美国。 We hear that you ________________next week. 【答案】are going back to America 【详解】考查时态。根据汉语提示，句子表述动作即将发生，故使用一般将来时。表示“要回美国”用go back to America，移动性动词的进行时表示将来时。故填are going back to America。 39．我现在唯一想做的事就是躺下好好休息一下。 The only thing I want to do now is ________________. 【答案】(to) lie down and have a good rest 【详解】考查动词不定式。分析句子和句意可知，空处应作表语成分，表示“躺下好好休息一下”，特指即将发生的一次具体行为，应用动词不定式；由“I want to do”可知，主语部分带有实义动词do，故动词不定式可省略to；“躺下”可译为lie down，“好好休息一下”可译为have a good rest，“躺下好好休息一下”可译为lie down and have a good rest。故答案为(to) lie down and have a good rest。 40．人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标，以及实现它的决心。 The important thing in life is ________________ , and the determination to attain it. 【答案】to have a great aim 【详解】考查动词不定式。分析句子和句意可知，空处应为表语成分，表示“有一个伟大的目标”，特指具体的行为，故应用动词不定式；动词短语have a great aim表示“有一个伟大的目标”。故答案为to have a great aim。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $