UNIT 2 Section 1 Topic Talk（讲解Word）2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册【赢在微点】轻松课堂（北师大版）

霍金对物理学的贡献为他赢得了许多非凡的荣誉。 Stephen Hawking, in full Stephen William Hawking, (born on January 8, 1942, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England—died on March 14, 2018, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire), was an outstanding English theoretical physicist whose theory of exploding black holes drew upon both relativity theory (相对论) and quantum mechanics①. He also worked with space­time singularities②. Hawking studied physics at University College, Oxford (B.A., in 1962), and Trinity Hall, Cambridge (Ph.D., in 1966). He was ambitious and was elected a research fellow at Gonville and Caius College at Cambridge. In the early 1960s, Hawking contracted③ amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症). He continued to work despite the disease's progressively disabling effects. Hawking worked primarily④ in the field of general relativity and particularly on the physics of black holes. In 1971, he suggested the formation, following the big bang (宇宙大爆炸), of numerous objects containing as much as one billion tons of mass but occupying only the space of a proton. In 1974, Hawking proposed that, in accordance⑤ with the predictions of quantum theory (量子论), black holes emit subatomic particles (亚原子粒子) until they exhaust their energy and finally explode. Hawking's work greatly spurred efforts to theoretically describe the properties of black holes, objects about which it was previously thought that nothing could be known. His work was also important because it showed these properties' relationship to the laws of classical thermodynamics (经典热力学定律) and quantum mechanics. Hawking's contributions to physics earned him many exceptional⑥ honours. In 1974, the Royal Society elected him one of its youngest fellows. He became a professor of gravitational physics at Cambridge in 1977, and in 1979 he was appointed to⑦ Cambridge's Lucasian professorship of mathematics. 提示：加黑体词汇为本单元词汇 微积累　①quantum mechanics 量子力学； ②space­time singularities 时空奇点； ③contract n. 合同；婚约；合约；契约　v. 感染(疾病)；缩小；订合同； ④primarily adv. 主要地；起初地； ⑤accordance