冠词、介词和数词 学案 2023届高考英语一轮复习

专攻解题方法与技巧 冠词、介词和数词 冠词 介词 数词 冠词是高考必考热点，以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，把冠词结合名词一起考查。 ①冠词的泛指、特指 ②在形容词和副词比较级前的用法 ③固定搭配 介词是历年高考的必考点，介词的考查主要集中在基本用法和习惯搭配上。常见考点如下： ①介词辨析 ②介词的固定搭配(“动词＋介词”； “形容词＋介词”；“介词＋a/an/the/his/Jim’s ＋名词”) 数词单独考查较少，常和主谓一致及语篇相结合。 ①基数词 ②序数词 ③分数/百分数 ④倍数 考点1 冠词的分类和基本用法 冠词分为不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不用冠词)。 冠词的泛指和特指 泛指是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物。特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物，也可以指说话双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物。 　单句语法填空 ①The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化)．They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空) ②When we got a call saying she was short－listed，we thought it was a joke.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空) ③Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空) ④Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空) ⑤Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as a model in New York.(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空) 考点2 冠词的常见搭配 不定冠词 定冠词 零冠词 a waste of money 浪费钱 all of a sudden 突然 a couple of 一对，几个 at a loss 不知所措 in a word总之 in a way 在某种程度上 in a hurry 匆忙 pay a visit to 拜访 once upon a time 从前 quite a few 相当多 in the middle of 在……中间 by the way 顺便说一下 in the way挡道 at the same time同时；然而 to tell the truth说实话 on the spot 在现场；当场 the other day 前几天 on the other hand另一方面 at the bottom of 在……底部 at present目前 in peace平静 on purpose故意 ahead of time 提前 by law根据法律 under repair 处于维修中 day and night 整日整夜 in danger 处于危险之中 take part in参加 —Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons，please? 请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走？ —Sorry，we don’t have a Johnson here in the village. 对不起，这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。 All of a sudden，she burst into tears/out crying. 她突然哭起来。 　单句语法填空 ①Then，with the rise of science，changes began.(2020·浙江卷语法填空) ②Everybody wears the same style of clothes.(2019·浙江卷语法填空) ③Unexpectedly, I’m face－to－face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空) ④As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that somethi