Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using language—Grammar（Word教师用书）-【优化指导】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language—Grammar 动词­ing形式作主语 [观察] 1．(教材P26)Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy． 2．(教材P26)In this way，practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills． 3．Playing basketball was his dream． [归纳] 动名词作主语往往表示抽象性经常性以及习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。在以上句子中都是动名词短语作主语。 一、动词­ing形式作主语的用法 1．动词­ing形式作主语通常表示抽象动作，往往是普通的、一般的行为，通常置于句首，谓语动词用单数。 Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 10 hours from here． 从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要10个小时。 Doing is better than wishing． 行动比空想好。 2．形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语。此类句式常见的有： It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you． 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us． 劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。 3．当句型“There is no ．．．”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，后面需要接动词­ing形式。 There is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse． 不能否认环境状况正在逐步恶化。 There is no joking about such matters． 这种事开不得玩笑。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①It is a waste of time trying(try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games． ②There ia no telling(tell) when he will be back． ③Eating(eat) more fruit every day is helpful to keep you away from illness． ④As the saying goes，it's no use crying(cry) over spilt milk． 二、动词­ing形式和不定式作主语的区别 动词­ing形式作主语表示一般的、非一次的、抽象的、泛指的动作；不定式作主语常表示具体的、某一次的、特定的动作。 Swimming is one of my favourite sports． 游泳是我喜爱的运动之一。(泛指) To swim in this lake is very dangerous． 在这个湖里游泳很危险。(特指) 用动词­ing形式或不定式作主语时，要注意主语和表语的一致。即当表语是动词­ing形式时，主语也要用动词­ing形式，当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式。 Respecting others is respecting oneself．/To respect others is to respect oneself． 尊重别人就是尊重自己。 [即学即练]　补全句子 ①在我们国家，询问女士的年龄是不礼貌的。 Asking_a_woman's_age is impolite in our country． ②今天晚上不允许看电影。 To_watch_films this evening is not permitted． 三、动词­ing形式的复合结构 动词­ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词­ing，即“sb．/sb．'s＋doing”构成。动词­ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词­ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词­ing形式的复合结构有四种形式： (1)形容词性物主代词＋动词­ing (2)名词所有格＋动词­ing (3)代词宾格＋动词­ing (4)名词＋动词­ing Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us． 他们来帮助我们对我们是很大的鼓励。 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting． 这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。 Can you imagine him/Jack c