Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（教师用书Word）- 【优化指导】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ 　Grammar and usage [对应学生用书P78] 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 观察下面句子，分析限制性定语从句中关系代词的作用。 ①A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. ②A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. ③ Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. ④Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. ⑤“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. ⑥“Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection which we share. [自我归纳] 1．①④句的先行词指人，关系代词在从句中分别作主语、宾语。 2．③⑤⑥句的先行词指物，关系代词在③⑤句中作主语，在⑥句中作宾语。 3．②句的先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作定语。 复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语或句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等被称为先行词。 限制性定语从句：所修饰的词表示一个特定的人或东西。限制性定语从句对先行词有限定制约的作用，使该词的含义更具体明确。因而不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。 定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which, who，whom，whose, as；关系副词有when，where，why。关系词代替先行词，在定语从句中充当一个成分。 关系代词引导的定语从句 (一)只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况。 　(1)先行词前有序数词或形容词用最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时，用that不用which。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. This is the best film that I have ever seen. (2)先行词是不定代词all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，none，nothing，no one, nobody, some等用that不用which。(注意something后可用which)。 Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. All that can be done has been done. (3)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, one of, the only, the very, the right, the last, few, just等修饰时，用that不用which。 All the guests that were invited to her wedding were important people. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. Give me any books that you would recommend. (4)先行词既有人又有物，兼顾两者，用that不用which。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. (5)主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，用that不用which。 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T­shirt that fits me most? (6)当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，用that不用which。 This isn't the book that I borrowed from the