内容正文:
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——附加疑问句
1.Everything has gone wrong, hasn't it?
2.He must be in his room now, isn't he?
3.Neither of you will have coffee, will you?
4.Listen to me carefully, will/won't you?
5.I believe he can make it, can't he?
6.—That isn't a good idea, is it?
—Yes, it is./No, it isn't.
[自我感知]
(1)当主语是this, that, something, nothing, anything, everything,不定式,动名词或从句时,附加问句中的代词用it。
(2)情态动词must作“肯定”讲表示推测时,根据动作发生的时间及状态,选用不同的时态。
(3)陈述句中用了表示否定或半否定的词时,附加问句用肯定形式。如neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, hardly, seldom等。
(4)肯定的祈使句的附加问句可用will you或won't you,否定的祈使句的附加问句用will you。
(5)当主句主语是第一人称单数,并且谓语部分为think, believe, imagine, suppose等时,附加问句一般与从句的谓语一致。
(6)在回答附加疑问句时,不管其陈述部分是肯定的还是否定的,事实是肯定的,回答用“Yes+肯定的简略句”;事实是否定的,回答用“No+否定的简略句”,形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时,答语中的Yes译成“不”,No译成“是”。
附加疑问句又叫反意疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。
一、附加疑问句的组成
(一)组成原则:前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定。
(二)常用四种组成类型
1.肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分
►You often play badminton, don't you?你经常打羽毛球,是吗?
►You're going to the gym with me, aren't you?
你要和我一起去健身房,是吗?
2.否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
►It's not a real sport, is it?这不是一个真正的运动,是吗?
►They can't finish it by Friday, can they?
他们不能在星期五之前完成,是吗?
3.含有否定词的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
►Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they?
没人看见他走进房间,是吗?
►You've never been to Paris, have you?
你从来没有去过巴黎,是吗?
4.祈使句+附加疑问部分
► Come along with me, will you?/can you?/won't you?/can't you?跟我来,好吗?/能吗?/会吗?/不能吗?
►Don't make any noise, will you?别出声,好吗?
[名师指津] 前后两部分动词时态要保持一致。
二、附加疑问句中主语的7个注意点
1.当陈述句部分的主语是名词时,附加疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。
►Your brother has gone to the library, hasn't he?
你哥哥去图书馆了,是吗?
2.当陈述句的主语是指示代词this,that时,附加疑问句的主语用it代替;指示代词是these,those时,附加疑问句的主语用they代替。
►That isn't a useful book, is it?这不是一本有用的书,是吗?
►These are grapes, aren't they?这些是葡萄,是吗?
3.若陈述部分用指人的不定代词everyone, everybody, someone, no one, somebody, nobody作主语时,其附加疑问句的主语常用they,有时也用he;若陈述部分用something, nothing, everything作主语,附加疑问句的主语用it。
►No one is at school now, aren't they?现在学校里没人了,对吧?
►Everything is ready now, isn't it?一切都准备好了,不是吗?
4.当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,附加疑问句部分的主语一般应