专题11.Unit3Fascinating Parks 第三讲Grammar and Writing--【帮课堂】2022-2023学年高二英语同步精品讲义（人教2019选择性必修第一册）

Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any one thing.要随时牢记在心：决心取得成功比任何一件事情都重要。 Grammar and Writing ( 语法 精讲 ) Grammar——动词－ing形式作主语 语法感知 1．Even though the sun is brightly shining，telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. 2．Getting here is quite difficult，so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. 3．For hundreds of years，looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. 4．Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. 【自主发现】 1．动名词由动词变化而来，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。 2．单个的动名词(短语)作主语时，句子的谓语动词需要用单数。 语法精讲 一、动词－ing形式的时态和语态 1．动词－ing形式通常有以下几种变化形式(以do为例)： 　　　语态 时态　　　 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 2.动词－ing形式的时态意义 (1)动词－ing形式的一般式多用于表示一般情况，其所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。 I enjoy listening to classical music. 我喜欢听古典音乐。(一般情况) She imagined finding a wallet on the sidewalk. 她想象着自己在人行道上发现了一个钱包。(同时) He suggested studying science. 他建议学习科学。(稍后) (2)动词－ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He was praised for having done a good deed. 他因为做了件好事而受到表扬。 3．动词－ing形式的语态 动词－ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，动词－ing形式的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。 He insisted on sending her to hospital. 他坚持要把她送到医院去。(执行者) Sorry，I didn’t mean to lose my temper.I just can’t stand being misunderstood. 对不起，我并不是存心要发脾气。我只是受不了被误解。(承受者) 单句语法填空 ① (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. ②The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without (recognize)． 二、动词－ing形式作主语 1．动词－ing形式作主语的功能及基本用法 功能：动词－ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式。 Using cocaine increases the user’s heart rate and blood pressure. 使用可卡因会加快使用者的心率并使血压升高。 Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 [名师提醒]　意义不同的两个动词－ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式。 Listening to the English tapes and watching English films are good ways to learn English. 听英文磁带和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。 2．形式主语it代替动词－ing形式