第06讲 Unit 1Teenage Life-Discovering Useful Structures-【帮课堂】2022-2023学年高一英语同步精品讲义（人教2019必修第一册）

06 Discovering useful structures ( 目标导航 ) ( 知识精讲 ) 【核心词汇】 survival n.生存；幸存；幸存事物 (教材p.17)We'll learn survival skills. 我们将要学习生存技能。 (1)survive vi.　　　 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来 survive on 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……) (2)survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 [佳句]　Much to our joy, all of the 20 people were able to survive the fire, which brought great comfort to their families. 使我们非常高兴的是，20个人全部在火灾中幸免于难，这给他们的家人带来了巨大的宽慰。 [练透]　单句语法填空 ①How does the family survive on such a small monthly wage? ②As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband by 5 years. ③If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival (survive). [写美]　句式升级 ④After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. →Having survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right.(分词作状语) [点津]　survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。 【语法解析】 1．Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 2．The first week was a little confusing. 3．First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 4．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. 5．The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student's reading ability. [我的发现] (1)句1中名词短语a really big challenge在句中作表语； (2)句2中形容词短语a little confusing在句中作表语； (3)句3中副词短语very carefully在句中作状语； (4)句4中名词短语advanced literature在句中作宾语； (5)句5中名词短语the main purpose of the course在句中作主语。 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 英语中，短语有很多种类型，其中名词短语最为重要，它是英语造句中不可或缺的元素。 1．定义：名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。 2．句法功能 (1)名词短语在句中充当主语。 These red roses are for you. 这些红玫瑰是送给你的。 (2)名词短语在句中充当宾语。 I have three close friends. 我有三个要好的朋友。 (3)名词短语在句中充当表语。 He is my best friend. 他是我最好的朋友。 (4)名词短语在句中充当宾语补足语。 We consider him a good teacher. 我们认为他是一位好老师。 [即时演练一]　写出下列句子中画线的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 ①These ideas may seem strange to you. 作主语 ②We love our great motherland very much. 作宾语 ③The man wearing a bl