内容正文:
Unit 1 – A New Start
学习目标
句子的成分
构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句子来担任。
主语(subject)指一个句子的主题, 是句子所述说的主体。它一般位于句首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1.名词用作主语。
如:A tree has fallen across the road. 一棵树倒下横在路上。
2.代词用作主语。
如:You’re not far wrong. 你差不多对了。
3.数词用作主语。
如:Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4.名词化的形容词用作主语。
如:The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。
Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。
5.副词用作主语。
如:Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
6.名词化的介词用作主语。
如:The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。
7.不定式用作主语。
如:To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It would be nice to see him again. 如能见到他,那将是一件愉快的事。
8.动名词用作主语。
如:Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。
Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work. 看电影是乐事, 制作影片则是苦事。
9.名词化的过去分词用作主语。
如:The disabled are to receive more money. 残疾人将得到更多的救济金。
The deceased died of old age. 死者死于年老。
10. 介词短语用作主语。
如:To Beijing is not very far. 到北京不很远。
From Yan