内容正文:
Welcome Unit
Period 3
Discovering useful structures
1
A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step.
--Laozi
千里之行,始于足下。 ---老子
Teaching objectives
1.Learn to know the basic sentence structures of English.
2.Learn to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text.
3
定义 :
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;
主要成分:主语和谓语
次要成分:
表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓
主语
↓
谓
语
↓
定语
↓
宾
语
↓
同位语
↓
状
语
中英文语序差异
英语:孔雀型—尾重
要求把字数较多或语法结构较复杂的句子、成分至于句末。
S 表示 “主语(subject)”
V表示 “动词(verb)”
P表示 “表语(predicative)”
O表示 “宾语(object)”
C表示 “补语(complement)”
IO表示 “间接宾语(indirect object)”
DO表示 “直接宾语(direct object)”
6
The baby is sleeping.
She likes eating apples.
Four plus three is seven.
To see is to believe.
Smoking is bad for health.
The young should respect the old.
What she has said is true.
(名词)
(代词)
(数词)
(不定式)
(动名词)
(名词化的形容词)
(句子)
主语(subject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。可作主语的有名词(短语),代词,数词,名词化的形容词,不定式(短语),动名词(短语)或从句等。
7
找一找句子中的中主语
Twenty years is a short time in history.
The poor are now living in the shelter.
Running is good for our health.
To study hard is your duty.
She likes dancing.
What I want is some apples .
8
主谓要一致
谓 语
I love you.
He has caught a bad cold.
说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,有完整的时态和语态。一般在主语之后。
He looked after two orphans.
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组构成。
复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词构成。
My sister is crying over there.
We have finished reading this book.
They can speak English well.
助动词和情态动词须和
实义动词一起构成谓语
He looked after two boys.
找出谓语
Object(宾语)
宾语表示动作的对象,主动语态中宾语是动作的承受者。宾语一般位于及物动词和介词之后。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.
He gave me some books.
↓
间接
宾语
↓
直接
宾语
11
宾语由名词,代词,不定式,动名词,从句等或者是相当于名词的词或者是短语充当
(句子)
Show your book, please.
She didn't know anything.
They want to know my idea.
I like staying with you.
Did you know what she want?
(名词 )
( 代词)
(不定式)
(动名词)
12
表 语
表 语
Her mother is a teacher.
主
系动词
表
The flower