必修第1册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD-（课件+作业）2023新教材新高考英语【导学教程】新编大一轮总复习（人教版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2021·郑州质检)Fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest are a hot topic as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity (生物多样性)． As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest is often called “the lungs of the world”. It is also home to about three million species of plants and animals, and one million local people. The vast area of the rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem because it absorbs heat instead of reflecting heat back into the atmosphere. It also stores carbon dioxide and produces oxygen, ensuring that less carbon dioxide is released, reducing the effects of climate change. “Any forest destroyed is a danger to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity，” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. “The great danger is that a lot of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere，” he stressed. “In the midst of the global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest must be protected，” UN Secretary General António Guterres said. Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August a year ago. A total of 71，497 forest fires were registered in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39，194 in the same period in 2018 ，INPE said. “We estimate that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest have decreased by between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of São Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle. Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation (恶化)could have severe consequences for global climate and rainfall. The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has gone beyond Brazil's b