专题09.阅读理解 知识梳理与精练--2021-2022学年八年级英语暑假知识点巩固与衔接大礼包(人教新目标)

阅读理解 知识梳理与精练 阅读理解的解题技巧： （1）事实细节题的方法和技巧： 1）详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述题则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用“画图列表法”，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 2）抓住文章的脉络和每一段中心，后面都是围绕这个中心展开分析，把握了文章的脉络后，相对来说定位就比较方便，解答细节题和主旨题就很方便了。 3）学会瞻前顾后和左顾右盼方法来理解细节题目，也就是从短文的上下联系来找到解决问题的关键细节。 4）注意引出细节的信息词，如：for example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, next, then, last, finally, to begin with, also, besides等。 一 Jane works as a secretary（秘书）in a small office. Her boss, although kind, is sometimes a bit foolish. He likes to keep lots of plants in front of their office to attract（吸引）customers. It seems to work, since Jane is often busy greeting new customers. Nearly every customer likes to take a look at the colorful plants. One of Jane's other responsibilities（职责）is to water the plants. This is one of her favorite jobs to do around the office, as it allows her to spend some time outside away from her desk. She does it every morning before staring the rest of her work day. One afternoon, her boss came over to her desk and kindly asked her to water the plants, as she hadn't done it yet that day. “But sir, it's been raining outside all morning …” she said. “Oh! I see, that explains it. Well here then, you can take my umbrella while you water them,” the boss replied. 1. Where does Jane work? A. In a mall. B. In an office. C. In a hospital. 2. Why does the boss keep many plants? A. He likes flowers. B. Jane likes flowers. C. To attract customers. 3. What other responsibilities does Jane have besides greeting customers? A. To water the plants. B. To look at the plants. C. To take umbrellas. 4. It has been raining all morning, hasn't it? A. Yes, it has. B. No, it hasn't. C. Yes, it does. 5. What is Jane's boss like? A. He is clever. B. He isn't kind. C. He's a bit foolish. （2）推理判断题的方法和技巧： 阅读理解题中难度最大且出现频率很高的是推理判断题，这种题要求考生根据文章中出现的暗示，抓住内含语义，用逻辑思维的方法加以整理，然后做出合理的判断。推理的方法大致可分为：简 单推理和复杂推理。 1）简单推理　 所谓简