内容正文:
第16讲 非谓语动词之过去分词
(知识讲解+名校最新真题)
一、过去分词作定语
1.过去分词作定语时的位置
(1)前置定语
一般情况下,单个过去分词作前置定语,即放在所修饰词之前。
The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.
被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。
[名师点津] ①有些过去分词表示特定含义时,单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后,如left(剩余的),given(所给的),concerned(有关的)等。
There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
剩余的老虎不多了,是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。
②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等,单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved? 还有没有未解决的问题?
He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。
(2)后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语,即放在所修饰词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
Last Tuesday in a mountainous area,there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately(=which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.
上周二在一个山区,有173只羊在被闪电击中时即刻死亡。
2.过去分词作定语时的意义
(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。
He is a teacher respected by all.
他是一位人人尊敬的老师。(teacher和respect之间是逻辑上的被动关系)
The high building built last year is our library.
去年建的那座高楼是我们的图书馆。 (built表示被动和完成)