UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures [对应学生用书P11] [观察] 1．(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 2．(教材P4)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. 3．(教材P4)Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. 4．(教材P4)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 5．(教材P8)Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. [归纳] 1．句中加黑词都是关系词，引导定语从句。 2．句2、4中先行词是表示人或物的名词，其后的定语从句用关系代词引导，先行词在从句中作主语。 3．句1、3、5中先行词是表时间或地点的名词，且在从句中作时间或地点状语，其后的定语从句用关系副词引导。 4．当被定语从句修饰的先行词指人且在定语从句中充当主语时，引导定语从句的关系词用who/that；当被定语从句修饰的先行词指时间或地点且在定语从句中作时间或地点状语时用关系词when 或where。 [对应学生用书P12] 定语从句的关系词 在主从复合句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 一、关系词的用法 (一)关系代词的用法 1．在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略。 It is the book (that/which) I want to read. 这是我想读的那本书。 She is the girl (who/whom/that) I like. 她是我喜欢的女孩。 2．whose在定语从句中可用of whom或of which代替，但要注意使用形式。 This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. ＝This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known. ＝This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well known. 这就是那位成就卓越的科学家。 3．as引导限制性定语从句时，常和such或the same连用；as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词是个句子，as在从句中作主语或宾语。 I have the same book as he has. 我有和他一样的书。 As is known to us all, China is in the east of Asia. 众所周知，中国在亚洲东部。 4．在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 This is Beijing, which I have visited for several times. 这就是北京，我来过好几次了。 (二)关系副词的用法 1．关系副词when/where＝介词(in/on/at等)＋which，why＝for＋which。 I still remember the day when/on which I first came to Be