内容正文:
第07练 过去进行时
过去进行的基本结构
肯定句:主语+ was / were + 现在分词.
I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
否定句:主语+was/were not + 现在分词.
I wasn’t walking down the street when a UFO landed.
疑问句:Was/Were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
What were you doing when a UFO landed?
过去进行时的标志词:at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
过去进行时的用法详解
(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time, yesterday等。
I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.
(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作,通常用While。
I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.
(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。
They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn’t turn up.
过去进行的特殊用法
1. 表示临时性
即表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。
It happened while I was living in Paris last year. 这件事发生于去年我住在巴黎的时候。
2. 表示计划
即表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
He said that his sister was getting married next December. 他说他妹妹12月结婚。
用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常含有将来意义。
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
3. 表示委婉语气
动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。
I was hoping you would give me some advice. 我希望你给我出点主意。
一般过去时也有类似用法,相比之处,一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的,而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
4. 表示重复
过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的。
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。
注意:现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
区别一:过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般过去时表示动作的完成。
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
区别二:表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时,但通常不用于进行时。
I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话