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专题10 名词性从句【学与练】
学名词性从句基本概念
1名词性从句的分类
名词性从句,包括四种从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成,所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用,故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。如:
1.That she will help me made us happy.(主语从句)
2.I can understand what he said.(宾语从句)
3.This is where I was born.(表语从句)
4.The fact that a heavy earthquake happened made me crazy.(同位語从句)
2名词性从句的连接词分类
1.that(无含义,不充当成分)
2.whether,if(有“是否”的含义,但不充当成分)
3.连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.(在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语)
连接副词:when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why (在从句中做状语)
4. as if,as though,because(不充当成分,在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)
一、主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省;what引导的主语从句表示"……的东西"时,一般不用it作形式主语;whatever,whoever,whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
☞That she will succeed is certain.
☞It is certain that she will succeed.
注意:(1)在"It is necessary/important/strange/natural...+that从句"结构中,从句谓语常用"(should+)动词原形"形式。
3. 主语从句的特殊用法
(1)主语从句与定语从句的转换
☞What is needed has been bought.
☞All that is n