Unit3 综合能力训练 学案 2021-2022学年牛津译林版高一英语模块一

模块一unit3综合能力训练A Step 1: Greetings & Free talk How are you today? Is there something interesting or important this week? Step 2: Assignment Checking & Revision 1.错题重现 2.重点知识回顾 Step 3: Unit 3 Grammar 一、非限制性定语从句 1. 非限制性定语从句概说 非限制性定语从句是对主语内容的补充，通过用逗号与主语分开，如果去掉，并不影响主句的意思。翻译成中文的时候，往往翻译成两句话。例如： The note was left by John, who was here a moment ago. 这条子是约翰留的，他刚才还在这儿。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 ① that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。只能用 who 或 whom 指人，用 which 指物，用 which 或 as 指代一句话。例如： Tom sold his house, which made his father very angry. 汤姆卖掉了他的房子，这使他父亲很生气。 ② as 引导的定语从句指代一句话，可以放在句首、句中或句末，·译为“好像”或“正如¡¡”例如： As everyone knows, the weather here can be very cold during summer. 众所周知，这里的夏天非常冷。 ③ 用 “all / some of... + whom / which”可以表达完全或部分性质。例如： Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diets. 一部分并不是很胖的人正在节食减肥。 ④ 用 whose 时，可以和关系词 which 或 whom 换用。例如： Please pass me the book, whose cover is black. = Please pass me the book, the cover of which is black. 请给我封面是黑色的那本书。 3. as 与 which 引导定语从句时的区别 ① 引导限制性定语从句时，在such, as, the same后只能用as，其他情况用 which。例如： It’s the same story as I heard yesterday. 这故事跟我昨天听到的一样。 This is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅。 ② 引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换。例如： I live a long way from work, as / which you know. 我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。 ③ 当从句位于主句前面时，只能用 as。例如： As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周，这是每个人都清楚的。 ④ as 引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，which 无此限制。例如： He went abroad, as / which was expected. 他出国了，这是大家预料到的。 He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。(不用 as) ⑤ as 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词，而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念，而 which 则无此限制。例如： The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不用as) ⑥ 当 as 引导非限制性定语从句做主语时，其谓语通常应是连系动词，而不宜是其他动词，而 which 则无此限制。例如： She has married again, as / which seemed natural. 她又结婚了，这似乎很自然。 She has married again, which delighted us. 她又结婚了，这使我们很高兴。(不用 as) 4. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 ① 形式不同。限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿，而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 ② 功能不同。限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义