Unit 8 Section Ⅱ Grammar 动词 ing和 ed形式&名词用作动词

Section Ⅱ　Grammar　动词­ing和­ed形式 & 名词用作动词 项目一　动词­ing和­ed形式 一、动词­ing形式 1．作定语 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 A little child learning(＝who is learning) to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。 There are many students waiting (＝who are waiting) to get examined. 有许多学生在等待检查。 [自我发现1] (1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。 (2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语 从句。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①China is a developing (develop) country belonging (belong) to the third world. ②Ladies and gentlemen，please go and wait in the meeting (meet) room. ③That must have been a terrifying (terrify) experience. 同义句转换 ④The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin. →The girl sitting next to me was my cousin. 2．作状语 Hearing the noise，I turned around.(表时间) ＝When I heard the noise，I turned around. 听到响声我转过身去。 Being poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set.(表原因) ＝Because he was poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set. 由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。 Working hard，you’ll certainly succeed.(表条件) ＝If you work hard，you’ll certainly succeed. 只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。 The fire lasted a whole night，causing great damage.(表结果) 大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。 Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.(表伴随) ＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。 [自我发现2] 现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。 [名师点津] 现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果；而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构。 He was caught in the rain，making himself catch a cold. 被雨淋后他感冒了。 I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday. 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①Being sleepy，the boy couldn’t focus on his study. 因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。 ②Speaking in English every day，you will master this language step by step. 每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。 ③I stared at the dark sky thinking about where I would belong. 凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。 ④He arrives at school very late every day，making his teacher very angry． 他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。 ⑤Walking in the street，I saw him. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了。 3．作宾语补足语 I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going o