Unit 2 Art and Artist 单元语法课件（不定式做定状补）高一英语下学期同步精品课堂（上外版2020必修第三册）

Unit 2 Art and Artist 必修三 上外版 2022 1 语法精讲 动词不定式infinitives 2 不定式做定语、状语、补语 3 不定式:是一种非谓语动词。 1.非谓语动词:是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词， 2.动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。 3.动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。 不定式的定义: 4 不定式的形式: 一.基本形式： to+动词原形 二.其否定形式是:“not/never to do”/not do. 三.不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing --------- --------- 5 判断下列不定式在句中作何成分 1. It is impossible to finish so much homework in a day. 2. To see is to believe. 3. His wish is to be a doctor. 4. I want to do it myself. 5. We found it difficult to work with him. 6. He always has a lot of meetings to attend. 7. He is looking for a room to live in. 8. I study hard to serve the people well. 9. In order not to be late she took a bus. 6 I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______ (catch). 我在会议期间一直看表，因为我要赶火车。 不定式作定语 to catch 考点一：不定式与其所修饰的词之间常是动宾关系 He is always the first _________ at the school and the last to leave the school.　 他总是第一个(人)到校，最后一个(人)离校。 考点二：序数词，形容词最高级，the last, the only 等后或被这些词修饰的名词或代词后，常用不定式作定语。 to arrive 7 不定式作定语 The ability _________ (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.　 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。(湖南卷) 考点三：被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。如ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way 等。 to express 8 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。 e.g. We have a lot of homework to do . 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词. e.g. He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about. something, anything, nothing…+adj.+ to do e.g. I have something interesting to tell you. 不定式作定语: 9 I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about. (如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词, 则不定式中要有介词.) 请给我一支写字的笔. Please give me a pen to write with. (常常表示将来的动作) 不定式做定语 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。 1. 不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系： (1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to