3.2 Grammar语法过去将来时 -【帮课堂】2021-2022学年高一英语同步精品讲义（译林版2020必修第二册）

Unit 3 Festivals and customs 3.2 Grammar：过去将来时 ( 知识精讲 )1．过去将来时的用法 (1)过去将来时常用于间接引语或宾语从句中，当主句谓语动词用过去时态时。 He said he would go to the north for the holiday. 他说他将去北方去度假。 They wanted to know when you would finish the article. 他们想知道什么时候你会完成这篇文章。 2．过去将来时的构成 (1)基本表达方式：would＋do Mother promised that she would take me to Beijing the next year. 妈妈许诺明年带我去北京。 (2)表示过去将来时的其他几种表达方式： ①was/were going to do，表示准备、计划做。 She said she was going to buy a new bike. 她说她打算买一辆新自行车。 ②was/were about to do，表示即将发生的动作，不和表示时间段的状语连用。 The bus was about to start. 公共汽车马上就要开了。 ③was/were to do，表示过去曾计划或安排要做。 The press conference was to be held next week. 记者招待会将于下周举行。 ④was/were doing仅限于某些表示位移的动词，如：come，go，arrive，leave等。表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 I didn't know when they were coming again. 我不知道他们什么时候再来。 3．过去将来时用于虚拟语气 （1） 涉及现在时间的虚拟条件：即从句所涉及的内容与现在的事实不符，此时从句的谓语用一般过去时，而主句谓语用“would+动词原形”（当然根据情况也可用should, might, could）。如： If I were taller, I would become a policeman. 如果我个子再高一点，我就当警察了。 （所表示的实际情况是：我的个子不够高，所以不能当警察） If I knew her number, I could call her. 要是我知道她的号码，就能给她打电话。 （所表示的实际情况是：我现在不知道她的电话号码，所以不能给她打电话） （2） 涉及将来时间的虚拟条件：即从句所涉及的内容与将来事实不符，此时从句的谓语有三种形式，一般过去时(be通用were)或用should+动词原形，或用were to+动词原形）, 而主句谓语用“would+动词原形”（当然根据情况也可用should, might, could）。如： If it rained tomorrow, we’d stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。 （所表示的实际情况是：估计明天会天晴，所以我们侍在家里的可能性不大） If you took a taxi, you’d get there sooner. 如果你叫一辆出租汽车，你就会早点儿到那儿。（所表示的实际情况是：你不愿叫出租车，所以你不能较快到达） ( 分层提分 ) 题组A 基础过关练 一、单项选择 1．The manager said that not one mistake _____ to see reported to him in the following month. A．would he want B．had he wanted C．he would want D．he had wanted 2．Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ________ . A．were to have B．were having C．have had D．had had 3．We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ____ office soon. A．leaves B．would leave C．left D．had left 4．The laptops made by our company sell best, but nobody could have guessed the place in the market that they ________ 20