第2讲 过去进行时（讲义）-2021-2022学年初二英语八年级下册【教师免备课】专项培优（人教版）

1. 动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。它的语法现象也较多，但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。①时态：初中范围主要有一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时和现在完成时，六种时态。②语态：主动语态与被动语态。③助动词和情态动词。④非谓语动词，也就是不定式，动名词及现在分词的用法。 2.人教版初中英语教学大纲中除了以上6种时态，还会涉及到过去将来时和过去完成时，考生要熟练掌握这些时态的构成形式及基本用法。 3. 动词时态一般出现在单项选择题和完形填空题中，前者一般2道题，后者一般1道题，共占5分左右；此外在写作部分，时态是一个重点考察的项目，时态如果把握好，能给作文大大提分。 4.过去进行时常见考法有：①对过去进行时基本用法的考查；②过去进行时和一般过去时的搭配表达。 动词各时态在每个年级的分布: Please look at the pictures below and then tell me what they are doing? What is he doing? He is reading. What are they doing? They are swimming. Please look at the picture below and then tell me what you were doing at 7 o’clock last night? What were you doing at 7 o’clock last night? I was doing some housework. 过去进行时在八年级下册Unit 5中第一次出现，在这个单元的学习中，学生需要掌握以下知识点： 过去进行时的定义及结构特征 定义：表示过去某一时刻或者某个时间段正在进行或发生的动作。 I was taking a shower at eight last night.(过去某一时刻) They were swimming from 8:00 to 10:00 yesterday.(过去某一时间段) 特征： a. was/were +doing b.有表示过去某一具体时刻的时间词 Jim was watching TV at 8:00 yesterday evening. He was cooking a meal at this time yesterday. 注意：常与过去进行时搭配使用的标志性时间词 1. at this time +yesterday /last night/Sunday/week等； 2. at+点钟+yesterday/last night等； 3. at that time/moment等； 4. when/while引导的时间状语从句。 【即学即练】 一、用动词的适当形式填空。 1. I was having (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning. “at half past six yesterday morning”昨天早上六点半，发生在过去的具体某个时刻用过去进行时。 2. Mary was going (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and Peter were doing (do) the same thing. “from six to seven last night”过去的某个时间段正在做某事，所以是过去进行时，第一空是单数用was, 第二空是复数用were。 3. What were you doing (do) at that time? We were watching (watch) TV. “at that time”过去进行时的标志性时间词。回答也对应的是过去进行时。 4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was. He was listening(listen) to the radio. 用过去进行时提问，所以得出答句也得用过去进行时。 5. They weren’t making (not make) a model ship when I saw him. When引导的时间状语从句，其主句往往用进行时。从saw可得是过去时，所以用过去进行时。 过去进行时句式结构变化及动词ing形式变形规则 句式结构变化 肯定：S+ was/were +doing+…. Jim was watching TV at 8:00 yesterday evening. 否定：S+ was/were