内容正文:
第09讲 祈使句
一、祈使句
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令。祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略主语。祈使句的开头动词都为原形,句末则使用句号或叹号。
Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。(命令)
Be quiet, please. 请安静。(请求)
Be kind to your sisters. 对妹妹要和善。(劝告)
Look out! Danger! 小心!危险!(警告)
Keep off the grass.勿践踏草坪。(禁止)
1. 祈使句的形式
(1)肯定祈使句的表现形式:
Do型
动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分
Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
Be型
Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分
Be a good boy!
要做一个好孩子!
Let型
Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分
Let me help you.
让我来帮你。
(2)否定祈使句的表现形式:
①Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加Don’t。
Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
②Let型的否定式有两种:"Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分"和"Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分"。
Don’t let him go./Let him not go. 别让他走。
③有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!
No fishing! 禁止垂钓!
【口诀】
真题链接
1.(2021·贵州毕节·中考真题)—Mike, ________ play football in the street next time. It’s dangerous.
—OK, I won’t do that again, mom.
A.mustn’t
B.must
C.don’t
D.do
2.(2021·广西梧州·中考真题)—________ your hands before dinner, Tony.
—No problem, Mom.
A.Wash
B.Washes
C.Washing
D.To wash
3.(2021·山东济南·中考真题)—________ swim in this river. It’s quite deep.
—Thanks for telling me.
A.No
B.Not
C.Don’t
D.Doesn’t
4.(2021·吉林长春·中考真题)Write down these useful sentences, ________ you’ll forget them.
A.and
B.or
C.but
D.so
5.(2020·四川雅安·中考真题)______ carefully, please! There is a school ahead.
A.Drive
B.Driving
C.To drive
D.Drove
6.(2020·湖北宜昌·中考真题)—Don’t forget to keep a safe distance(距离)at least one meter, Jack!
—____________.
A.Sorry, I won’t
B.No, I can’t do it
C.Not at all
D.I hope not
7.(2020·辽宁营口·中考真题)—____________ the dishes after dinner, Tony.
—No problem, Mom.
A.Washing
B.Washes
C.To wash
D.Wash
8.(2020·湖北咸宁·中考真题)—My aim is to go to Wuhan University for further study.
—Work hard, ___________ you can make it.
A.if
B.so
C.and
D.unless
过关检测
1.(2021·重庆南开中学七年级期末)________ at the picture. A cat is in it.
A.Watch
B.Look
C.See
D.Meet
2.(2021·辽宁·凌源市教师进修学校七年级期末)________ run in the classroom, boys!
A.Not
B.Can’t
C.Don’t
D.Doesn’t
3.(2021·黑龙江·林口县教师进修学校七年级期末)—Paul, please ________ this CD to your Englis