专题06 从句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）（复习思维导图+必备知识手册）

专题06 从句 （定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句） Part01 定语从句 1：考点梳理 1. 引导定语从句的关系词； 2. 限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别； 3. “介词＋关系代词”的结构； 4. 关系词之间的异同及选用。 考点1　定语从句的种类 (1)限制性定语从句 从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。 This is the house which we bought last month. (2)非限制性定语从句 从句是对主句或先行词的补充和说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词/指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。 Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。 He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 考点2 关系代词与关系副词 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注 关 系 代 词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working. The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人、物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that 人、物 主语、宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语、宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人、物 主语、宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as作宾语一般不省略 关 系 副 词 when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which替换 where 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which替换 why 原因 原因状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which替换 考点3　　关系代词that和which的特殊用法 1. 限制性定语从句中，只用关系代词that的情况： (1)先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。 I will tell you everything that I know. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。 What is the first foreign city that you have ever been to? (3)先行词被the only, the very (正好), the last, all, any, every, no, little, much, some等限定词修饰。 Chatting is the only thing that interests her. (4)先行词中