内容正文:
第二讲 冠词、介词、代词
[真题引领·明航向]
典例1
(2021·6月浙江卷) ________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here.
名师
领航
在姓氏的复数形式前通常加定冠词the,表示“一家人或夫妇俩”,此处表示“林肯夫妇俩”。故填 The 。
命题
考向
考查冠词
典例2
(2021·全国乙卷)Due to the growing popularity of environmentallyrelated and adventure travel,various types ________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
名师
领航
various types of是固定搭配,意思是“各种类型的”。故填 of 。
命题
考向
考查介词
典例3
(浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out.
名师
领航
此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是to eat out。故填 it 。
命题
考向
考查代词
[技法点津·备素养]
◆[技法一] 考查冠词
技法1
(2021·全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all ________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
技法
点津
句意:我们一路环绕西安城墙花费了约3个小时。all the way为固定短语,意为:一路上。故填 the 。
技法2
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)While you're in China,Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit!
技法
点津
句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一定要去的(地方)!此处must用作名词,为可数名词,意为“一件必须做的事”,需要不定冠词修饰,故填 a 。
技法3
(浙江卷11月)It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary.Like many things in life,it's ________ ongoing process,and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement,which means you'll just keep getting better and better.
技法
点津
此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程,又因为单词ongoing的发音以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词 an 。
技法
归纳
1.牢记定冠词the的用法
(1)定冠词the特指某人或某物;
(2)在最高级或序数词前面或由only,very,same等修饰的名词前面用定冠词the;
(3)定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用,表示一类人或事物;
(4)定冠词用在年代或用于逢十的数词前,也用在表示世纪的某个年代前;
(5)在世界上独一无二的事物、西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要用定冠词,如play the violin/piano拉小提琴/弹钢琴。
2.不定冠词a,an表泛指规则要记清
(1)不定冠词有两种形式
①有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音,该单词实际上是以元音音素开头的,要使用an,如an hour,an honest man;
②有些单词以元音字母开头,但该单词实际上是以辅音音素开头,要使用a,如a university,a European country。
(2)不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前,泛指一个人或一个事物。
(3)具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用。如a success一个成功的人或一件成功的事。
(4)序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一个”或“又一个”。
◆[技法二] 考查介词
技法1
(2021·6月浙江卷)In 1844 they bought it ________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser,who performe