Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and Usage-2021-2022学年新教材高中英语必修第一册【金版新学案】教师用书（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and Usage 由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 [观察] ①A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. ②Social media like blogs have come between us and the friends whom we love. ③Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen. ④A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. ⑤A real friend is someone who sees our true self，not just the face that we show to the world. ⑥Yet these days，the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. ⑦“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. ⑧“Liking”our friends' photos online does not develop the connection which we share. [发现] 1．句①、句⑤中的定语从句中，先行词是someone，都使用了关系代词who，在定语从句中作主语。 2．句②中的定语从句使用了关系代词whom，在定语从句中作 宾语 。此时，可用that替换。 3．句③、句④中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose，在定语从句中作定语；关系代词whose既可以指人也可以指物。 4．句⑤、句⑥中的定语从句使用了关系代词that，在定语从句中作主语(句⑥)和宾语(句⑤)。 5．句⑦、句⑧中的定语从句使用了关系代词which，在定语从句中作主语(句⑦)和宾语(句 ⑧ )。 6．从上面八个句子可以看出，关系代词who常用来指代人；关系代词which常用来指代事物；关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物；关系代词whom只能用来表示人的宾格；关系代词 whose 用来表示人或物的所有格。 一、定语从句的定义 1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 2．关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1．who的用法 [观察] The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。 Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。 [归纳] who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语。 2．whom的用法 [观察] Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 [归纳] whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 3．which的用法 [观察] Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years. 桂林是座有2 000年历史的城市。 The little girl is having an apple which her mother bought from the supermarket. 小女孩正在吃一个她妈妈从超市买的苹果。 [归纳] which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。 4．that的用法 [观察] The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that/which