UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language——非限制性定语从句（Word教参）【状元桥·优质课堂】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language——非限制性定语从句 (见学生用书P8) 1．This is the most amusing short play that I have watched these years. 2．He made great progress，which made his parents very happy. 3．The old lady who lives next to us sells books. 4．You should do all that I said. 5．I have found the teacher whom I am looking for. 6．I visited the factory where my father works. 7．He has three sons, two of whom are engineers. 8．Taiwan, as we all know, belongs to China. [自我感知] 1．句1,3,4,5,6是限制性定语从句，句2,7,8是非限制性定语从句。它们在形式上的区别在于是否与主句用逗号隔开。 2．当先行词是不定代词，或被形容词最高级修饰时用that引导定语从句，如句1,4。 3．引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语/宾语只能用which或whom，不能用that，如句2,7。as引导非限制性定语从句，意思是“正如……”，如句8。 一、定语从句的概念及分类 1．定语从句 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。 ►The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday. 那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。(定语从句作 后置定语) 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名(代)词或句子叫作先行词。 ►This is the place which is worth visiting. 这是值得参观的地方。 ►He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 3．关系词 引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系词有三大作用：指代先行词，引导定语从句，在从句中作句子成分。 4．分类 (1)限制性定语从句 它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。 ►Do you know the girl who just came in? 你认识刚刚进来的那个女孩吗？ ►The time when I first met Mr White was a very difficult period of my life. 我第一次遇见怀特先生的时候是在一个我一生中非常困难的时期。 (2)非限制性定语从句 它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。 ►The old woman，who lives on her own，has a cat for company.这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。 ►He whispered to me the news，which was really amazing. 他低声告诉我这个消息，它真令人惊叹。 [名师指津] 非限制性定语从句 (1)形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 (2)意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，若删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 (3)译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。 [即时训练1]——单句语法填空 (1)This is an important present，which I received yesterday. (2)Football is a game that/which is liked by most boys. (3)My eldest son，whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法 1．who, whom, whose引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)关系代词who，whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。 (2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom作宾语；介词后用whom，不用who。 (3)whose作定语，先行词是人时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋ of whom。先行词是物时，whose＋n.