定语从句重难点讲解学案-2022届高三英语一轮复习

定语从句（二） 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 1. 只能使用which的情况 · 非限制性定语从句中。 · 在介词之后。 · 当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 2. 使用that的情况： · 当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 · 当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 · 当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 · 主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 eg. Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? · 当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. eg. Beijing is no longer the country that she was. · 如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that . · 在there be句型中,只用that. eg. There is a bookshelf in the corner that is full of books. · 当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very watch that I lost yesterday. · 当先行词又有人又有物时。 eg. I still remember the things and the persons that I met in the college. 修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分 · 当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。 eg. Who is the old man that is standing over there? · 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。 eg. There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are girls. · 关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。 eg. She is the girl whose French sounds very beautiful. Mary has a lovely dog, whose hair turns out white. 关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 1. 位置：as从句可在主句前或主句后，而which从句只可在主句后. 2. 意义：as从句常是一些固定结构,(如as is known to all, as we expected, as everybody knows等,而且译为”正如….,恰如…”.) the same…as, such… as,和……一样. which从句多为对主句的一种评价看法或因果关系，没有结构要求。 He failed in the exam, which made his parents sad. As we had expected, he failed in the exam. 注意: 当先行词被the same修饰时, that也可引导定语从句, 但意义有所不同。the same...as指同样或同类的事物；the same...that指同一个事物。 This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表与我丢的那块一样。(不是同一块表) This is the same watch that I lost. 这就是我丢的那块表。(是同一块表) 关系副词when, where, why的用法以及与关系代词的区分 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当从句能够完整地表达一个意思时，用关系副词引导定语从句。 eg. I won’t forget the day when I graduated.（从句完整） I still remember the days when we stayed together?（从句完整） 关系代词在定语从句中充当句子成分，主语、宾语、表语、定语（whose）当从句结构不完整时，用关系代词引导定语从句。 关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分 This is the park that we visited last year. （定语从句中缺visit的宾语成分，用关系代词） This is the park where we held a birthday party.（定语从句不缺成分，用关系副词） 关系副词when,