2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与社会：科普与现代技术

2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与社会 科普与现代技术 一、七选五 （2021·河南高三开学考试） After any tragedy, there are always stories of selfless people risking their lives to save others. From evolutionary aspects, this kind of things seems to make no sense. After all, the survival and reproduction of an individual’s genes should be the first choice. 1． So why do so many people do it? Psychologists call this sort of selfless action “extreme altruism”. Unlike most people, extreme altruists rank the needs of total strangers equally to those of their own families and friends. As US writer Larissa Macfarquahar explains, “2． No one is more or less human than anyone else.” According to a study in PLOS ONE by David Rand and Ziv Epstein of Yale University, making this decision to save someone else’s life in an emergency is typically an instant decision. 3． The study asks whether such actions might be related to the right amygdala in our brains. When looking at photos of people showing fear or distress, some people show more activity in their right amygdala. This means that some people are born with a greater capacity for empathy. 4． However, the researchers say it’s not the only reason for heroic actions. An American writer Carrie Beckner claims that we also possess an “inner hero”. 5． We all can choose to be people of action, if only we can find that little hero inside of ourselves. A．One wants the best for one’s self. B．Not everyone needs an inner hero in his heart. C．They understand others’ emotions more deeply. D．Volunteers are not motivated by self-interest, but by altruism. E.In other words, the life-savers said they didn’t think—they just acted. F.For an extreme altruist, an African child can suffer as much as my mother—or me. G.If stirred to action, that inner hero is capable of performing tremendous goodness for others. 二、阅读理解 A （2021·敦化市实验中学校高一期末） Life in space will certainly take some getting used to! But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—