Unit1 Grammar 知识点练习-2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语必修一

Sentence components & Sentence pattern I. Common sentence components and their functions(详细概念定义见P7) 1.主语：动作发出者 2.谓语：主语发出的动作 3.宾语：动作的承受者 4.定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征 5.补语：补充说明主语或宾语 6.状语：表示时间、地点、方式、原因、目的、程度、比较和伴随成分 II. Sentence pattern classification S1： “主语＋谓语(不及物动词)”“主语＋系动词＋表语”结构 They left. S2： “主语＋系动词＋表语”结构 My name is Amy. S3： “主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语” They bought a house. S4： “主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语” My mum brought me a new dictionary. S5： “主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语” The teacher found the classroom empty. 1. 主+谓 特点: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面不用接宾语。但是可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 e.g. Time flies. They have gone. S（主语） 1. The moon 2. The man 3. We all 4. Everybody 5. I 6. They 7. He 8. He 9. They V（谓语：不及物动词） rises. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday. is playing. (!) have gone. (!) 练习1：分析句子成分 1. Your father is standing there. 主谓 2. His teacher came in with a book in his hand.主谓+补 3. The bus started and arrived there at 8 a.m.主谓+状 4. Flowers come out in spring.主谓+状 5. The plane has already left.主谓 6. Is the baby dog sleeping?主谓 练习2：中译英 1. 昨天发生了事故。An accident happened yesterday. 2. 你唱的好。You sing well. 3. 她正在哭。She is crying. 2. 主＋系＋表 特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做系动词。 e.g. Mr. Brown is an English teacher. 系动词六类 1)状态类：be（am, is, are, was, were） 2)感官类：look, feel, smell, taste, sound 3)变化类：get, grow, become, turn, go 4)持续类：keep, remain, stay, stand 5)表象类：seem, appear, look 6)终止类：prove, turn out S主语 V(系动词) P表语 1. This 2. The dinner 3. He 4. Everything 5. He 6. The weather 7. His face is 是 tastes 尝起来 feels 感觉 looks 看起来 is 是 becomes 变得 turns 转变 an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. warmer. red. 练习1：分析句子结构 1) His parents are in the kitchen now. 2) You looked happy yesterday. 3) This song doesn’t sound beautiful. 4) Did your father get angry? 练习2：找出下列句子中的表语 1.The old man w