内容正文:
跟着课本学语法
学习效果事半功倍
本单元按照教学要求须掌握的语法点是“关系代词及关系副词引导的非限定性定语从句”。
一、定语从句
在复合句中,做定语修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,其中的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语
从句的词有关系代词 that,which,who,whom,whose,as和关系副词where,when,why。定语从句分为:
1. 限制性定语从句:该从句修饰的词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人或物。这种定语从句和被修饰词构
成了一个完整的意思,定语从句不能随便去掉,否则剩下的部分意义就会不完整。如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time. 钟是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。
Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗?
2. 非限制性定语从句:该从句对所修饰的先行词作进一步解释和说明,去掉之后主句部分意思仍然清楚
完整,非限制性定语从句通常用逗号与主句隔开。如:
Peter,whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 你在伦敦见过的彼得现在回巴黎了。
Above the trees are the mountains, whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.
在树林的高处是山,其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
We walked down the village street, where they were having market day.
我们沿着村里的大街向前走去,村民们正在那里赶集。
二、关系代词及关系副词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词 that引导的定语从句
关系代词指物时,只用 that,不用which的情况:
① 当先行词是 anything,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little,some 等不定代词时,或者由 every,any,
some,no,little等修饰时。如:
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? 你记下李老师说的所有内容了吗?
All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。
② 当先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。如:
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们在伦敦参观的第一个景点是大本钟。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
③ 当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如:
This is the best film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最好看的一部电影。
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
那是我们店出售的最有趣的书之一。
Unit 1 People of achievement
【主题:卓有成效的人物】
选
必
修1
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4
人教2019版高中英语(选择性必修一、二、三、四册)
精准定位课文语法点
④ 当先行词被 the very,the only修饰时。如:
My necklace is not the only thing that‘s missing. 我丢掉的东西不仅是项链。
⑤ 先行词前面有who或which等疑问代词时。如:
Who is the man that is standing there? 站在那的那个男人是谁?
Which is the coat that you like best? 哪一件是你最喜欢的外套?
⑥ 当先行词既有人又有物时。如:
Can you remember the scientist and his history that we have learned?
你还记得我们学过的那个科学家和他的历史吗?
The writer and his novels that you have just talked about are really well-known.
你刚才谈起的那个作家和他的小说确实很著名。
2. 关系代词