内容正文:
人教2019版高中英语(选择性必修一、二、三、四册)
精准定位课文语法点
本单元按照课文要求须掌握的语法点是“动词不定式作主语,结合语境正确运用动词不定式”。
一、不定式的作用
在英语中,不定式用作句子的主语的情况是非常常见的,通常有两种结构:一种是把不定式 to do 直接
放在句首的主语位置,另一种是把不定式 to do 放在句末,而在句首的主语位置用形式主语 it来指代句末的
不定式。
二、动词不定式作主语
1. 不定式或不定式短语作主语。如:
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
To raise wages means increasing purchasing power. 提高工资意味着增加购买力。
To know something about Chinese is one thing; to know Chinese is quite anoth-er. 懂中文是一回事;掌握
中文是另一回事。
2. 形式主语 it替代不定式作先行主语时,把真正的主语即不定式放到句子后面去。这类句子有下面几种
形式。如:
① It+be+形容词+不定式:
It’s good to be here. 在这里很好。
It isn’t right to gossip about others. 说别人的闲话是不对的。
② It+be+形容词+for引起的短语+不定式:
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.一个人做点好事并不难。
It would be best for you to write to him. 最好由你给他写信。
③ It+be+形容词+of引起的短语+不定式:
It is very kind of you to lend me your bike. (=You are kind to...) 借给我自行车,你真是太好了。
It is selfish of him not to contribute anything. (=He is selfish...) 他很自私,什么也不捐。
④ It+be+名词+不定式:
It’s a pity to leave so early. 这么早走太遗憾。
It was not his habit to ask people for things. 向别人要东西不是他的习惯。
It was a great honour to receive the award. 得到这个奖是很荣幸的事。
⑤ It+动词+宾语+不定式:
It took me a year to save up for a mink coat. 我用了一年时间才省出钱买一件貂皮大衣。
How long did it take you to get here? 你到这里来花了多长时间?
It interests me to hear what you have been buying. 听到你买的这些东西我很感兴趣。
⑥ It+be+介词短语+不定式:
Unit 2 Healthy lifestyle
【主题:健康生活方式】
选
必
修1
3
47
跟着课本学语法
学习效果事半功倍
It is not within my power to answer the question. 我没有能力回答这个问题。
It is against my principles to work with them. 和他们一起工作违反了我的原则。
It’s just like her to think of others before thinking of herself.
她就是这个样子,总是先想到别人后想到自己。
但要注意:在这类结构中,不定式有时需用进行式或完成式。如:
It’s a new experience for her to be travelling by plane.
坐飞机对她是一个新经历。(进行式)
It would have been amusing to have gone to the picture show.
要是能去参观那个画展是很有意思的。(完成式)
【考题观察】
It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .(重庆高考题)
A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made
解析:It took...some time to do sth.“花费……时间做某事”句型中的 it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主
语。make与connection是动宾关系,应用被动语态。【答案选B