Unit6 连系动词和助动词-郑天生中学英语语法

Unt6连系动词和助动词 6-1连系动词 连系动词本身不可独立作谓语,需与表语一起构成谓语,be是最基本 连系动词和助动词 的连系动词 1连系动词 ①连系动词be是最基本的连系动词。be包括is, am are及其相关的过 去式和过去分词。如 ’ m from australia.我从澳大利亚来。 s hot and suffocating today.今天闷热 This is not my fault.这不是我的错。 They were very tired.他们非常疲倦。 ②常见的连系动词有 appear,get,ook,seem, become,turn,go,keep remain等。如 t' s getting cool.天气变得凉爽了。 seemed that the birds were going to win.看来鸟类要赢了。 She looked very sad at the news.听到这个消息,她看上去很悲伤。 He appeared to be very friendly to us.他看起来对我们很友善。 The leaves turned yellow.树叶变黄了 The old man remained very strong.这位老人身体仍然非常强壮。 ③表示“感官”的连系动词有fel,smel, taste, sound等。如 The flower smells sweet.这花很香。 It tastes good.这东西很好吃 The explanation sounds all right.这个解释听起来有道理。 She didn' t feel very well just now.刚才她有些不舒服。 2连系动词的用法 1 seem, appear, prove等词常可接不定式,以tobe结构的不定式最为 常见。如: Hans appeared to be very strong.汉斯看起来非常强壮。 She doesn' t seem to have changed much.她好像没有多大的变化 口郑天生中学英语语法 Middle School English Grammar 郑天生中学英语语法 Middle school English Gramma Their theory proved to be correct.他们的理论证明是对的。 look, appear,seem的区别 这三个词都有“看起来”的意思,但是look强调自己视觉上的判断; appear强调外表上显得如何,事实上却未必;seem的含义深刻一些,含有 主观上的判断。如: He looks fine.他看来气色不错。 She appears young.她看似年轻。 It seems that he enjoys it very much.看起来他非常喜欢它。 ③urn表示“突变”,而get,grow, become表示“渐变”。turn表示“变 化”,后接名词时,名词前面不加冠词。如 The milk turns sour easil!y.这种牛奶容易变酸 They became college students.他们成为大学生。 After many years of hard work, he finally turned musician 经过多年奋斗,他终于成为音乐家。 Both of them turned engineer(s).他们两人都成了工程师。 come表示褒义的变化,go表示贬义的变化。如 ly dream has come true at last.最终,我的梦想成为现实。 ly watch has gone wrong and doesnt work 我的表出了毛病,不走 6-2助动词 助动词本身无词义,它主要用于帮助构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否 定和疑问结构。主要有be,have(has),do(does,did),shal( should) WIll( Wou ld)等 1be的主要用法 be可与现在分词构成各种进行时态,可与have构成完成时态;也可 与过去分词构成被动语态;不可与具有动作特征的形容词构成祈使句。如 They are playing football on the grass.他们正在草地上踢足球。 He has never been to Beijing.他从未去过北京。 Be quick!快点 Be quiet!请安静! 助动词be的形式变化和连系动词be相同。作为助动词,be有以下用 ①be后跟动词的现在分词可构成进行时态。如: Ms Liu is speaking at the meeting.刘女士正在会上发言。 76 They were di