Unit20 复合句-郑天生中学英语语法

◆Unt20复合句 复合句 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是句子的主 体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联 词将主句和从句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是:“关联词+从句主语+谓 语+其他” 按照从句所作的句子成分来分类,从句可分为:名词性从句(主语从 句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)定语从句和状语从句。 20-1主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中担当主语的从句。主语从句可以由连词、连接 代词和连接副词引导,而且这些引导词不能省略。另外,在主语从句中主 的动词大多用be动词或其他系动词。 ①连词that, whether。如 Whether we go together or separately doesnt matter much 我们是一块走还是分开走关系不大。 That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us 他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动 ②连接代词what, whatever,who, whoever等。如 Who will attend the meeting is not important 谁将参加会议并不重要。 连接副词when, where,how,why。如: When will leave for Beijing is not yet decided 他们什么时候动身去北京尚未决定。 1由连词that, Whether引导的主语从句 It is certain that he will come.他一定会来。 t is a pity that they have lost the first game.真遗憾他们输了第一场。 Whether he will come is doubtful.他是否会来值得怀疑 Whether it will do the children harm or good remains to be seen 这对孩子们有益还是有害,还要等一等看。 连词that, Whether在主语从句中引导主语从句,它们在从句中不担当 27 口郑天生中学英语语法 CHIYE 郑天生中学英语语法 English Grammar 成分,但不能省略,而且由它们引导的主语从句多用作形式主语。如 That the earth is round is true (= It is true that the earth is round.)地球是圆的,是一个事实。 in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account (高考2005年上海 [题] A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required 答案选C】 It is required that是一个固定句型,相当于 People require that在 这里为形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语 2由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 ①连接代词who, which等可以引导主语从句,它们分别在从句中担任主 语、宾语和状语,且不能省略。如: Who let out the news remained unknown 谁泄露了那个消息,仍无人知道。 Who是连接代词,在主语从句中作主语,不能省略 Which(answer) is right isn 't known to us 哪一个答案是对的我们还不知道。(Whch作主语 ②连接副词when, where,how,Why引导的主语从句,可以用形式主语t 引导。如果句子是疑问句形式,则必须用“it”作形式主语的结构。如 When we 'll start is not clear (= It is not clear when we' I start.)我们何时出发还不清楚。 It makes no difference where you use this kind of cell phones 这种手机你在哪里使用都一样。 Why he didnt come here is not clear to anyon (=lt is not clear to anyone why he didnt come 他为什么没来我们大家都不清楚。 How this happened is still a question (=lt is still a question how this happened. 这事情是怎么(如何)发生的仍然是个问题 Has it decided when