Unit19 定语从句-薄冰实用英语语法详解

Unit(19 定语从句 9 「定语从句概述 在复合句中起定语作用,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句,叫作定语 从句( The Attributive Clause)。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名 词或代词叫作先行词( Antecedent)。定语从句通常跟在先行词之后,由“关系词 Relatives)”引出,因此,定语从句又可称为关系分句。关系词可分为 关系代词:that, which,who,whom, whose等。 关系副词:when, where,why等。 分,如主语、宾语、定语和状语等。如 定语从句 关系词既起着联系从句与主何的作用,又代替先行词在从句中担任一定的语法成活 The woman who is standing by the classroom is our English teacher 先行词 定语从句 站在教室旁边的那个女人是我们的英语老师。( the woman是先行词,关系代词who 引导定语从句,同时代替先行词在从句中担任主语。) The boy won the first prize is called Roy (大连市中考题) A when B Whom C who D. which 【答案选C】定语从句的先行词为boy,指人,故定语从句引导词用who或vhom,又因定语从句雷 一个作主语的引导词,故用who主格,因为whom为宾格形式 This is the room where Lu Xun once lived 先行词 定语从句 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房间。( the room是先行词,关系副词 Where引导一个定语从句 并在从句中担任地点状语。) Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one you know I used to work for years (高考福建卷题 341 薄冰 实用英语语法详解 B. Which C. Where D When 答案选C】考査定语从句关系副词的用法。先行词是 the one( the town),把先行词代入定语从 为:“ You know I used to work in the town for years.”由此可判断先行词与i连用作地点状语,所以用关 系副词 where 19(2%关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词可以代替先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中起主语、宾语、定语 等作用。如下表 关系词代替功能在从句中 的作用 例句 Eit The girl who plays the piano very well is his daughter 那位钢琴弹得很好的小姑娘是他的女儿, who代替人 表语 He is no longer the man who he used to be 他不再是以前那样的人了。 动词宾语 Where is the student whom Professor Su praised at the 代替人 介词宾语 The man with whom she was traveling is her boyfriend 跟她一道旅行的那个男人是她的男朋友。 代替人从句中某 looking after the little child whose parents have (of 名词的定 gone to London.她在照看其父母去了伦敦的那个小孩。 whom代替物语 He lives in the room whose windows face south which) 他住在窗户面朝南的那个房间。 主语 The man that is speaking at the meeting is a famous scientist.在会上讲话的那个人是一位著名的科学家 代替人宾语 Is this the teacher that you talked about yesterday 这就是你们昨天谈到的那位老师吗? 表语 She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhood 她不再是她童年时代的那个女孩了。 that 主语 The train that has just left is for Shanghai 刚刚离开的那列火车是开往上海的。 代替物宾语 s this the photo that you took last summer 这是你去年夏天照的相片吗? 表语 My hometown is not a polluted place that you think it tobe.我的家乡不是像你认为的是一个污染的地方 34