UNIT 6 Period Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 A MEDICAL PIONEER（word教参）-【优化探究】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语必修第二册配套教参（北师大版）
授课提示：对应学生用书第56页
导语：美国发明家托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生曾经说过：“天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。”他并没有夸张。事实上，汗水在中国科学家屠呦呦的成功中起着非常重要的作用。
US inventor Thomas Alva Edison once said: “Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.” He was not exaggerating.Perspiration，indeed，plays a very important role in Chinese scientist Tu Youyou's success.
Tu was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria，a deadly disease caused by the bite of some types of mosquito.She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.“It is the pride of the whole Chinese science community，which will inspire more Chinese scientists，” China Daily noted.
Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year，according to the Economist.Tu's discovery has saved millions of lives，especially in the developing world.According to the World Health Organization，by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000.But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel.In the late 1960s，during the “cultural revolution” (1966－1976)，Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug.In the beginning，Tu read a lot of old folk remedies，searched texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and traveled to remote places.Over several months，Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies.“This was the most challenging stage of the project，” Tu told The Beijing News.“It was a very labordemanding and dull job，in particular when you faced one failure after another.”
But the hard work and the dullness failed to break the team's spirit.In the following months，she and her team tested the remedies on malariainfected mice and they found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.Not that the work was easier after that.The fact that the extract didn't always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates.But Tu was 
ambitious to make a contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going.They decided to start again from the beginning.In 1971，they were rewarded for their efforts.After nearly 200 failures，Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites.The extract was called “Artemisin in”．
Thanks to decades of hard work，Tu and her team had “provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people every year，” said the Nobel Prize Committee.“It has greatly improved human health and reduced suffering.”, 美国发明家托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生曾经说过：“天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。”他并没有夸张。事实上，汗水在中国科学家屠呦呦的成功中起着非常重要的作用。
屠呦呦因发现一种治疗疟疾的新药而获得2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。疟疾是一种由某些蚊子叮咬引起的致命疾病。她是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。《中国日报》指出：“这是中国科学界的骄傲，它将激励更多的中国科学家。”
据《经济学人》报道，疟疾每年感染约2亿人，约50万人患病。屠呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命，尤其是在发展中国家。根据世界卫生组织的数据，到2013年，疟疾死亡人数与2000年相比下降了47%。但实现这一成就的道路是艰难的。20世纪60年代末，在“文化大革命”期间(1966－1976年)，屠呦呦参加了一个政府项目，开始研究一种新的抗疟疾药物。一开始，屠呦呦读了很多古老的偏方，搜索了几百年或几千年的文献，去了很远的地方。几个月后，屠呦呦和她的团队收集了600多种植物，列出了380种可能的治疗方法。“这是项目最具挑战性的阶段，”屠呦呦告诉《新京报》。“这是一项非常费力和枯燥的工作，尤其是当你面对一个又一个的失败时。”
但是艰苦的工作和沉闷的生活并没有破坏团队的精神。在接下来的几个月里，她和她的团队在感染了疟疾的老鼠身上测试了这些药物，他们发现一种青蒿植物的提取物似乎很有效。这并不是说之后的工作比较容易了。事实上，这种提取物并不总是对疟疾有效，这让她的一些队友感到沮丧。但是屠呦呦的志向是为世界做出贡献，所以她鼓励队友们继续努力。他们决定从头再来。1971年，他们的努力得到了回报。经过近200次失败后，屠呦呦终于制成了一种对疟原虫100%有效的提取物。这种提取物被称为“青蒿素”。
经过几十年的努力，屠呦呦和她的团队“为人类抗击这些每年影响数亿人的疾病提供了强大的新手段”。诺贝尔奖委员会表示，“它极大地改善了人类健康，减少了痛苦。”
【词海拾贝】
1．perspiration n．汗水；流汗；努力
2．success n．成功，成功的人或事物
3．deadly adj.致命的；非常的adv.非常地
4．inspire vt.激发；使生灵感
5．infect vt.感染，传染
6．discovery n．发现，发觉；被发现的事物
7．compare with 与……相比较
8．collect vt.收集
9．challenging adj.挑战的
10．failure n．失败
11．discourage vt.阻止；使气馁
12．make a contribution to为……做出贡献
13．thanks to 由于，幸亏
14．powerful adj. 强大的；强有力的
Period Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 A MEDICAL PIONEER
授课提示：对应学生用书第57页
新知探求
Ⅰ.根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1．career/kə'rɪə/n.职业，事业
2．cure/kjʊə/vt.治好(疾病)；治愈n.疗法
3．generation/ˌdʒenə'reɪʃən/n.一代(人)
4．mankind/ˌmæn'kaɪnd/n.人类
5．generous/'dʒenərəs/adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的
6．justice/'dʒʌstɪs/n.公平，公正
7．reform/rɪ'fɔːm/n.改革；改进
8．apart/ə'pɑːt/adj.& adv.分开；散开
9．female/'fɪːmeɪl/adj.女(性)的
10．stage/steɪdʒ/n.舞台；阶段
11．award/ə'wɔːd/vt.授予；给予
12．honour/'ɒnə/n.荣誉v.感到荣幸
13．gain/ɡeɪn/v.获得，赢得，取得；受益n.好处；利益
14．establish/ɪ'stæblɪjʃ/vt.建立，设立
15．literature/'lɪtərətʃə/n.文献资料；著述；文学
16．resource/rɪ'zɔːs/n.物力；资源
17．eventually/ɪ'ventʃuəli/adv.最终；终于
18．promising/prɒmɪsɪŋ/adj.大有希望的
19．fame/feɪm/n.名声，名誉